Abstract
Site response in the Gujarat region is studied using local earthquake data recorded at 32 sites spread all over Gujarat region, India. Out of these 32 sites, 15 sites are located in Kachchh region, 8 in Saurashtra and 9 in mainland Gujarat region. These sites are underlain by different types of rocks/sediments of different ages. Out of 32 stations, 7 stations are on Quaternary deposits, 6 on Tertiary, 11 on Deccan, 3 on Jurassic, 3 on Cretaceous and 2 on Proterozoic rocks. The predominant frequencies at these sites depend strongly on the local geology. The average predominant frequencies of the sites on Quaternary sediments are 2.4 Hz, 5.3 Hz on Tertiary, 7.5 Hz on Jurassic, 7.2 Hz on Deccan, 4.6 Hz on Cretaceous and 7.5 Hz on Proterozoic formations. The average site amplification values at predominant frequencies are 3.7 for the sites of Quaternary deposits, 3.3 for Tertiary, 3.3 for Cretaceous rock, 4.2 for Deccan trap, 4.1 for Jurassic sites and 4.6 for Proterozoic. The damage to the houses during 2001 Bhuj earthquake is compared with the amplification at predominant frequencies at those sites. The spatial variation of predominant frequencies and the site amplifications at different frequencies corresponding to the natural frequencies of different storey buildings are studied, which will be useful in the evaluation of seismic hazard in the region.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aki K (1988) Local site effect on ground motion. Proc Earthquake Eng Soil Dyn II:103–155
Ansal A (ed) (2004) Recent advances in earthquake geotechnical engineering and microzonation, Geotech Geol Earthq Eng,vol 1. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht
Bath M (1974) Spectral analysis in geophysics. Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, Amsterdam
Biswas SK (1987) Regional tectonic framework, structure and evolution of the western marginal basins of India. Tectonophysics 135:307–327
Biswas SK (2005) A review of structure and tectonics of Kutch Basin, western India, with special reference to Earthquakes. Curr Sci 88:1592–1600
Borcherdt RD (1970) Effects of local geology on ground motion near San Francisco Bay. Bull Seismol Soc Am 60:29–61
Castro RR, Mucciarelli M, Pacor F, Petrungaro C (1997) S-wave site response using horizontal to vertical spectral ratios. Bull Seismol Soc Am 87:256–260
Chavez-Garcia FJ, Sanchez LR, Hatzfield D (1996) Topographic site effects and HVSR: a comparison between observations and theory. Bull Seismol Soc Am 86:1559–1573
Chopra Sumer, Rao KM, Sairam B, Kumar S, Gupta AK, Hardik P, Gadhavi MS, Rastogi BK (2008) Earthquake swarm activities after rains in peninsular India and a case study from Jamnagar. J Geol Soc India 72:245–252
Field EH, Jacob KH (1995) A comparison and test of various site-response estimation techniques, including three that are not reference-site dependent. Bull Seismol Soc Am 85:1127–1143
Field EH, Jacob KH, Hough SH (1992) Earthquake site response estimation: a weak-motion case study. Bull Seismol Soc Am 82:2283–2307
King JL, Tucker BE (1984) Observed variations of earthquake motion across a sediment-filled valley. Bull Seismol Soc Am 74:137–151
Lermo J, Garcia JC (1993) Site effect evaluation using spectral ratios with only one station. Bull Seismol Soc Am 83:1574–1594
Mandal P, Chadha RK, Satyamurthy C, Raju IP, Kumar N (2005) Estimation of site response in Kachchh, Gujarat, India, region using H/V spectral ratios of aftershocks of the 2001 Mw 7.7 Bhuj earthquake. Pure Appl Geophys 162:2479–2504
Mandal P, Dutta U, Chadha RK (2008) Estimation of site response in the Kachchh seismic zone, Gujarat, India. Bull Seismol Soc Am 98:2559–2566
Merh SS (1995) Geology of Gujarat. Geological Society of India, Bangalore, p 222
Nakamura Y (1989) A method for dynamic characteristics estimation of subsurface using micro-tremor on the ground surface. QR RTRI 30:25–33
Nath SK, Sengupta P, Sengupta S, Chakrabarti A (2000) Site response estimation using strong motion network: a step towards microzonation of Sikkim Himalayas; Seismology 2000. Curr Sci 79:1316–1326
Nath SK, Sengupta P, Kayal JR (2002) Determination of site response at Garhwal Himalayas from the aftershock sequence of 1999 Chamoli earthquake. Bull Seismol Soc Am 92:1071–1081
Nath SK, Madhav V, Pal I, Sengupta P (2005) A seismic hazard scenario in the Sikkim Himalaya from seismotectonics, spectral amplification, source parameterization and spectral attenuation laws using strong motion seismometery. J Geophys Res 110:B01301. doi:10.1029/2004JB003199
Nath SK, Raj A, Sharma J, Thingbaijam KKS, Kumar A, Nandy DR, Yadav MK, Dasgupta S, Majumdar K, Kayal JR, Shukla AK, Deb SK, Pathak J, Hazarika PJ, Paul DK, And Bansal BK (2008) Site amplification, Qs and source parametrization in Guwahati region from seismic and geotechnical analysis. Seismol Res Lett 79:526–539
Rajendran CP, Rajendran K (2001) Characteristics of deformation and past seismicity associated with the 1819 Kutch earthquake, north western India. Bull Seismol Soc Am 91:407–426
Riepl J, Bard PY, Hatzfeild D, Papaioannou C, Nechtschein S (1998) Detailed evaluation of site response estimation methods across and along sedimentary valley of Volvi (EURO-SEISTEST). Bull Seismol Soc Am 88:488–502
Seekins LC, Wennerberg L, Margheriti L, Liu HP (1996) Site amplifications at five locations in San Francisco, California: a comparison of S-waves, codas, and microtremors. Bull Seismol Soc Am 86:627–635
Senoi RS (1991) Engineering geology studies of some major dam projects and reservoirs in the Narmada valley, M.P. SEG J
Srinivasan S, Khar BM (1995). Exploration of frontier basins and hydrocarbon prospects. In: Proceedings of petrotech-95, technology trends in petroleum industry, vol 1. New Delhi, pp 3–19
Talwani P, Gangopadhyay A (2001) Tectonic framework of the Kachchh earthquake of 26 January 2001. Seismol Res Lett 72:336–345
Yadav RBS, Papadimitriou EE, Karakostas VG, Rastogi BK, Chopra S, Singh AP, Kumar S (2010) The 2007 Talala. Tectonic implications and seismicity triggering. J As Earth Sci, Saurashtra western India earthquake sequence. doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2010.07.001
Zare M, Bard PY, Ghafory Ashtiany M (1999) Site categorization for Iranian strong motion network. Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 18:101–123
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to their respective organizations for support. The study was supported by the Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India and Science and Technology Department, Govt. of Gujarat.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chopra, S., Kumar, D., Rastogi, B.K. et al. Estimation of site amplification functions in Gujarat region, India. Nat Hazards 65, 1135–1155 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-012-0116-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-012-0116-6