Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Prognostic value of a microRNA signature as a novel biomarker in patients with lower-grade gliomas

  • Clinical Study
  • Published:
Journal of Neuro-Oncology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) may act as prognostic biomarkers in a variety of cancers. The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate a prognostic miRNA signature in patients with lower-grade gliomas (LGGs). miRNA expression profiles and clinical data of patients with LGGs from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA; the training cohort) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA; the validation cohort) were analyzed, and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression model was used to identify the miRNA signature, which was combined with clinical prognostic factors to develop an individualized survival prediction model. Gene ontology analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis were conducted to reveal the biological implications of the signature. We identified a four-miRNA signature that stratified patients in the training cohort into low- or high-risk groups according to overall survival time, a finding that was verified in the validation cohort. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that the four-miRNA signature was an independent prognostic biomarker, and a nomogram combining this miRNA signature with clinicopathological and molecular factors showed high prognostic accuracy for individualized survival prediction in both TCGA (C-index = 0.83) and CGGA (C-index = 0.68) cohorts. Functional annotation indicated that the major biological processes of this prognostic miRNA signature were enriched in cell cycle and DNA repair-associated biological processes. Our findings indicated that our newly discovered four-miRNA signature may be an effective independent prognostic factor for the prediction of patients with LGGs.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network, Brat DJ, Verhaak RG, Aldape KD, Yung WK, Salama SR, Cooper LA, Rheinbay E, Miller CR, Vitucci M, Morozova O, Robertson AG, Noushmehr H, Laird PW, Cherniack AD, Akbani R, Huse JT, Ciriello G, Poisson LM, Barnholtz-Sloan JS, Berger MS, Brennan C, Colen RR, Colman H, Flanders AE, Giannini C, Grifford M, Iavarone A, Jain R, Joseph I, Kim J, Kasaian K, Mikkelsen T, Murray BA, O’Neill BP, Pachter L, Parsons DW, Sougnez C, Sulman EP, Vandenberg SR, Van Meir EG, von Deimling A, Zhang H, Crain D, Lau K, Mallery D, Morris S, Paulauskis J, Penny R, Shelton T, Sherman M, Yena P, Black A, Bowen J, Dicostanzo K, Gastier-Foster J, Leraas KM, Lichtenberg TM, Pierson CR, Ramirez NC, Taylor C, Weaver S, Wise L, Zmuda E, Davidsen T, Demchok JA, Eley G, Ferguson ML, Hutter CM, Mills Shaw KR, Ozenberger BA, Sheth M, Sofia HJ, Tarnuzzer R, Wang Z, Yang L, Zenklusen JC, Ayala B, Baboud J, Chudamani S, Jensen MA, Liu J, Pihl T, Raman R, Wan Y, Wu Y, Ally A, Auman JT, Balasundaram M, Balu S, Baylin SB, Beroukhim R, Bootwalla MS, Bowlby R, Bristow CA, Brooks D, Butterfield Y, Carlsen R, Carter S, Chin L, Chu A, Chuah E, Cibulskis K, Clarke A, Coetzee SG, Dhalla N, Fennell T, Fisher S, Gabriel S, Getz G, Gibbs R, Guin R, Hadjipanayis A, Hayes DN, Hinoue T, Hoadley K, Holt RA, Hoyle AP, Jefferys SR, Jones S, Jones CD, Kucherlapati R, Lai PH, Lander E, Lee S, Lichtenstein L, Ma Y, Maglinte DT, Mahadeshwar HS, Marra MA, Mayo M, Meng S, Meyerson ML, Mieczkowski PA, Moore RA, Mose LE, Mungall AJ, Pantazi A, Parfenov M, Park PJ, Parker JS, Perou CM, Protopopov A, Ren X, Roach J, Sabedot TS, Schein J, Schumacher SE, Seidman JG, Seth S, Shen H, Simons JV, Sipahimalani P, Soloway MG, Song X, Sun H, Tabak B, Tam A, Tan D, Tang J, Thiessen N, Triche T, Jr., Van Den Berg DJ, Veluvolu U, Waring S, Weisenberger DJ, Wilkerson MD, Wong T, Wu J, Xi L, Xu AW, Yang L, Zack TI, Zhang J, Aksoy BA, Arachchi H, Benz C, Bernard B, Carlin D, Cho J, DiCara D, Frazer S, Fuller GN, Gao J, Gehlenborg N, Haussler D, Heiman DI, Iype L, Jacobsen A, Ju Z, Katzman S, Kim H, Knijnenburg T, Kreisberg RB, Lawrence MS, Lee W, Leinonen K, Lin P, Ling S, Liu W, Liu Y, Liu Y, Lu Y, Mills G, Ng S, Noble MS, Paull E, Rao A, Reynolds S, Saksena G, Sanborn Z, Sander C, Schultz N, Senbabaoglu Y, Shen R, Shmulevich I, Sinha R, Stuart J, Sumer SO, Sun Y, Tasman N, Taylor BS, Voet D, Weinhold N, Weinstein JN, Yang D, Yoshihara K, Zheng S, Zhang W, Zou L, Abel T, Sadeghi S, Cohen ML, Eschbacher J, Hattab EM, Raghunathan A, Schniederjan MJ, Aziz D, Barnett G, Barrett W, Bigner DD, Boice L, Brewer C, Calatozzolo C, Campos B, Carlotti CG, Jr., Chan TA, Cuppini L, Curley E, Cuzzubbo S, Devine K, DiMeco F, Duell R, Elder JB, Fehrenbach A, Finocchiaro G, Friedman W, Fulop J, Gardner J, Hermes B, Herold-Mende C, Jungk C, Kendler A, Lehman NL, Lipp E, Liu O, Mandt R, McGraw M, McLendon R, McPherson C, Neder L, Nguyen P, Noss A, Nunziata R, Ostrom QT, Palmer C, Perin A, Pollo B, Potapov A, Potapova O, Rathmell WK, Rotin D, Scarpace L, Schilero C, Senecal K, Shimmel K, Shurkhay V, Sifri S, Singh R, Sloan AE, Smolenski K, Staugaitis SM, Steele R, Thorne L, Tirapelli DP, Unterberg A, Vallurupalli M, Wang Y, Warnick R, Williams F, Wolinsky Y, Bell S, Rosenberg M, Stewart C, Huang F, Grimsby JL, Radenbaugh AJ, Zhang J (2015) Comprehensive, integrative genomic analysis of diffuse lower-grade gliomas. N Engl J Med 372:2481–2498. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1402121

  2. Ceccarelli M, Barthel FP, Malta TM, Sabedot TS, Salama SR, Murray BA, Morozova O, Newton Y, Radenbaugh A, Pagnotta SM, Anjum S, Wang J, Manyam G, Zoppoli P, Ling S, Rao AA, Grifford M, Cherniack AD, Zhang H, Poisson L, Carlotti CG Jr, Tirapelli DP, Rao A, Mikkelsen T, Lau CC, Yung WK, Rabadan R, Huse J, Brat DJ, Lehman NL, Barnholtz-Sloan JS, Zheng S, Hess K, Rao G, Meyerson M, Beroukhim R, Cooper L, Akbani R, Wrensch M, Haussler D, Aldape KD, Laird PW, Gutmann DH, TCGA Research Network, Noushmehr H, Iavarone A, Verhaak RG (2016) Molecular profiling reveals biologically discrete subsets and pathways of progression in diffuse glioma. Cell 164:550–563. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2015.12.028

  3. Louis DN, Perry A, Reifenberger G, von Deimling A, Figarella-Branger D, Cavenee WK, Ohgaki H, Wiestler OD, Kleihues P, Ellison DW (2016) The 2016 World Health Organization classification of tumors of the central nervous system: a summary. Acta Neuropathol 131:803–820. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-016-1545-1

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Weller M, Weber RG, Willscher E, Riehmer V, Hentschel B, Kreuz M, Felsberg J, Beyer U, Loffler-Wirth H, Kaulich K, Steinbach JP, Hartmann C, Gramatzki D, Schramm J, Westphal M, Schackert G, Simon M, Martens T, Bostrom J, Hagel C, Sabel M, Krex D, Tonn JC, Wick W, Noell S, Schlegel U, Radlwimmer B, Pietsch T, Loeffler M, von Deimling A, Binder H, Reifenberger G (2015) Molecular classification of diffuse cerebral WHO grade II/III gliomas using genome- and transcriptome-wide profiling improves stratification of prognostically distinct patient groups. Acta Neuropathol 129:679–693. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-015-1409-0

  5. Suzuki H, Aoki K, Chiba K, Sato Y, Shiozawa Y, Shiraishi Y, Shimamura T, Niida A, Motomura K, Ohka F, Yamamoto T, Tanahashi K, Ranjit M, Wakabayashi T, Yoshizato T, Kataoka K, Yoshida K, Nagata Y, Sato-Otsubo A, Tanaka H, Sanada M, Kondo Y, Nakamura H, Mizoguchi M, Abe T, Muragaki Y, Watanabe R, Ito I, Miyano S, Natsume A, Ogawa S (2015) Mutational landscape and clonal architecture in grade II and III gliomas. Nat Genet 47:458–468. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.3273

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Liu N, Chen NY, Cui RX, Li WF, Li Y, Wei RR, Zhang MY, Sun Y, Huang BJ, Chen M, He QM, Jiang N, Chen L, Cho WC, Yun JP, Zeng J, Liu LZ, Li L, Guo Y, Wang HY, Ma J (2012) Prognostic value of a microRNA signature in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a microRNA expression analysis. Lancet Oncol 13:633–641. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(12)70102-X

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Zhang JX, Song W, Chen ZH, Wei JH, Liao YJ, Lei J, Hu M, Chen GZ, Liao B, Lu J, Zhao HW, Chen W, He YL, Wang HY, Xie D, Luo JH (2013) Prognostic and predictive value of a microRNA signature in stage II colon cancer: a microRNA expression analysis. Lancet Oncol 14:1295–1306. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70491-1

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Pang JC, Kwok WK, Chen Z, Ng HK (2009) Oncogenic role of microRNAs in brain tumors. Acta Neuropathol 117:599–611. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-009-0525-0

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Kouri FM, Ritner C, Stegh AH (2015) miRNA-182 and the regulation of the glioblastoma phenotype - toward miRNA-based precision therapeutics. Cell Cycle 14:3794–3800. https://doi.org/10.1080/15384101.2015.1093711

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  10. Ames HM, Yuan M, Vizcaino MA, Yu W, Rodriguez FJ (2017) MicroRNA profiling of low-grade glial and glioneuronal tumors shows an independent role for cluster 14q32.31 member miR-487b. Mod Pathol 30:204–216. https://doi.org/10.1038/modpathol.2016.177

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Zhang W, Zhang J, Yan W, You G, Bao Z, Li S, Kang C, Jiang C, You Y, Zhang Y, Chen CC, Song SW, Jiang T (2013) Whole-genome microRNA expression profiling identifies a 5-microRNA signature as a prognostic biomarker in Chinese patients with primary glioblastoma multiforme. Cancer 119:814–824. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.27826

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Bao ZS, Chen HM, Yang MY, Zhang CB, Yu K, Ye WL, Hu BQ, Yan W, Zhang W, Akers J, Ramakrishnan V, Li J, Carter B, Liu YW, Hu HM, Wang Z, Li MY, Yao K, Qiu XG, Kang CS, You YP, Fan XL, Song WS, Li RQ, Su XD, Chen CC, Jiang T (2014) RNA-seq of 272 gliomas revealed a novel, recurrent PTPRZ1-MET fusion transcript in secondary glioblastomas. Genome Res 24:1765–1773. https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.165126.113

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  13. Yang P, Cai J, Yan W, Zhang W, Wang Y, Chen B, Li G, Li S, Wu C, Yao K, Li W, Peng X, You Y, Chen L, Jiang C, Qiu X, Jiang T, CGGA Project (2016) Classification based on mutations of TERT promoter and IDH characterizes subtypes in grade II/III gliomas. Neuro-oncology. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/now021

    Google Scholar 

  14. Feng LH, Dong H, Lau WY, Yu H, Zhu YY, Zhao Y, Lin YX, Chen J, Wu MC, Cong WM (2017) Novel microvascular invasion-based prognostic nomograms to predict survival outcomes in patients after R0 resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 143:293–303. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-016-2286-1

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Li J, Zhou J, Yang PH, Xia Y, Shi YH, Wu D, Lv G, Zheng W, Wang K, Wan XY, Lau WY, Wu MC, Fan J, Shen F (2016) Nomograms for survival prediction in patients undergoing liver resection for hepatitis B virus related early stage hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Cancer 62:86–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2016.04.011

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Wang Y, Li J, Xia Y, Gong R, Wang K, Yan Z, Wan X, Liu G, Wu D, Shi L, Lau W, Wu M, Shen F (2013) Prognostic nomogram for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma after partial hepatectomy. J Clin Oncol 31:1188–1195. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2012.41.5984

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Eckel-Passow JE, Lachance DH, Molinaro AM, Walsh KM, Decker PA, Sicotte H, Pekmezci M, Rice T, Kosel ML, Smirnov IV, Sarkar G, Caron AA, Kollmeyer TM, Praska CE, Chada AR, Halder C, Hansen HM, McCoy LS, Bracci PM, Marshall R, Zheng S, Reis GF, Pico AR, O’Neill BP, Buckner JC, Giannini C, Huse JT, Perry A, Tihan T, Berger MS, Chang SM, Prados MD, Wiemels J, Wiencke JK, Wrensch MR, Jenkins RB (2015) Glioma groups based on 1p/19q, IDH, and TERT promoter mutations in tumors. N Engl J Med 372:2499–2508. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1407279

  18. Johnson BE, Mazor T, Hong C, Barnes M, Aihara K, McLean CY, Fouse SD, Yamamoto S, Ueda H, Tatsuno K, Asthana S, Jalbert LE, Nelson SJ, Bollen AW, Gustafson WC, Charron E, Weiss WA, Smirnov IV, Song JS, Olshen AB, Cha S, Zhao Y, Moore RA, Mungall AJ, Jones SJ, Hirst M, Marra MA, Saito N, Aburatani H, Mukasa A, Berger MS, Chang SM, Taylor BS, Costello JF (2014) Mutational analysis reveals the origin and therapy-driven evolution of recurrent glioma. Science 343:189–193. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1239947

  19. Visani M, de Biase D, Marucci G, Cerasoli S, Nigrisoli E, Bacchi Reggiani ML, Albani F, Baruzzi A, Pession A, PERNO Study Group (2014) Expression of 19 microRNAs in glioblastoma and comparison with other brain neoplasia of grades I-III. Mol Oncol 8:417–430 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molonc.2013.12.010

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Ji Y, Wei Y, Wang J, Gong K, Zhang Y, Zuo H (2015) Correlation of microRNA-10b upregulation and poor prognosis in human gliomas. Tumour Biol 36:6249–6254. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13277-015-3310-9

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Gabriely G, Yi M, Narayan RS, Niers JM, Wurdinger T, Imitola J, Ligon KL, Kesari S, Esau C, Stephens RM, Tannous BA, Krichevsky AM (2011) Human glioma growth is controlled by microRNA-10b. Cancer Res 71:3563–3572. https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-3568

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  22. El Fatimy R, Subramanian S, Uhlmann EJ, Krichevsky AM (2017) Genome editing reveals glioblastoma addiction to microRNA-10b. Mol Ther 25:368–378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymthe.2016.11.004

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  23. Guessous F, Alvarado-Velez M, Marcinkiewicz L, Zhang Y, Kim J, Heister S, Kefas B, Godlewski J, Schiff D, Purow B, Abounader R (2013) Oncogenic effects of miR-10b in glioblastoma stem cells. J Neuro-oncol 112:153–163. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-013-1047-0

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Cheng W, Ren X, Zhang C, Han S, Wu A (2017) Expression and prognostic value of microRNAs in lower-grade glioma depends on IDH1/2 status. J Neuro-oncol 132:207–218. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-016-2368-6

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Guan Y, Mizoguchi M, Yoshimoto K, Hata N, Shono T, Suzuki SO, Araki Y, Kuga D, Nakamizo A, Amano T, Ma X, Hayashi K, Sasaki T (2010) MiRNA-196 is upregulated in glioblastoma but not in anaplastic astrocytoma and has prognostic significance. Clin Cancer Res 16:4289–4297. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-10-0207

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Yang G, Han D, Chen X, Zhang D, Wang L, Shi C, Zhang W, Li C, Chen X, Liu H, Zhang D, Kang J, Peng F, Liu Z, Qi J, Gao X, Ai J, Shi C, Zhao S (2014) MiR-196a exerts its oncogenic effect in glioblastoma multiforme by inhibition of IkappaBalpha both in vitro and in vivo. Neuro-oncology 16:652–661. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/not307

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  27. Flavahan WA, Drier Y, Liau BB, Gillespie SM, Venteicher AS, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Suva ML, Bernstein BE (2016) Insulator dysfunction and oncogene activation in IDH mutant gliomas. Nature 529:110–114. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature16490

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Pignatti F, van den Bent M, Curran D, Debruyne C, Sylvester R, Therasse P, Afra D, Cornu P, Bolla M, Vecht C, Karim AB, European Organization for Research, Treatment of Cancer Brain Tumor Cooperative Group, European Organization for Research, Treatment of Cancer Radiotherapy Cooperative Group (2002) Prognostic factors for survival in adult patients with cerebral low-grade glioma. J Clin Oncol 20:2076–2084. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2002.08.121

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Schiff D, Brown PD, Giannini C (2007) Outcome in adult low-grade glioma: the impact of prognostic factors and treatment. Neurology 69:1366–1373. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000277271.47601.a1

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Forst DA, Nahed BV, Loeffler JS, Batchelor TT (2014) Low-grade gliomas. Oncologist 19:403–413. https://doi.org/10.1634/theoncologist.2013-0345

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  31. Buckner JC, Shaw EG, Pugh SL, Chakravarti A, Gilbert MR, Barger GR, Coons S, Ricci P, Bullard D, Brown PD, Stelzer K, Brachman D, Suh JH, Schultz CJ, Bahary JP, Fisher BJ, Kim H, Murtha AD, Bell EH, Won M, Mehta MP, Curran WJ Jr (2016) Radiation plus procarbazine, CCNU, and vincristine in low-grade glioma. N Engl J Med 374:1344–1355. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1500925

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  32. Houillier C, Wang X, Kaloshi G, Mokhtari K, Guillevin R, Laffaire J, Paris S, Boisselier B, Idbaih A, Laigle-Donadey F, Hoang-Xuan K, Sanson M, Delattre JY (2010) IDH1 or IDH2 mutations predict longer survival and response to temozolomide in low-grade gliomas. Neurology 75:1560–1566. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181f96282

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Baumert BG, Hegi ME, van den Bent MJ, von Deimling A, Gorlia T, Hoang-Xuan K, Brandes AA, Kantor G, Taphoorn MJ, Hassel MB, Hartmann C, Ryan G, Capper D, Kros JM, Kurscheid S, Wick W, Enting R, Reni M, Thiessen B, Dhermain F, Bromberg JE, Feuvret L, Reijneveld JC, Chinot O, Gijtenbeek JM, Rossiter JP, Dif N, Balana C, Bravo-Marques J, Clement PM, Marosi C, Tzuk-Shina T, Nordal RA, Rees J, Lacombe D, Mason WP, Stupp R (2016) Temozolomide chemotherapy versus radiotherapy in high-risk low-grade glioma (EORTC 22033–26033): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 intergroup study. Lancet Oncol 17:1521–1532. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(16)30313-8

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors conducting this work represent the Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG).

Funding

This work was supported by Beijing Postdoctoral Research Foundation (2016ZZ-37).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, 6 Tiantanxili, Beijing, 100050, China

    Zenghui Qian, Yiming Li, Xing Fan, Chuanbao Zhang, Yinyan Wang, Tao Jiang & Xing Liu

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 6 Tiantanxili, Beijing, 100050, China

    Zenghui Qian, Yiming Li, Xing Fan, Chuanbao Zhang, Yinyan Wang, Tao Jiang & Xing Liu

  3. Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China

    Tao Jiang

Authors
  1. Zenghui Qian
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yiming Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Xing Fan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Chuanbao Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Yinyan Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Tao Jiang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Xing Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Yinyan Wang, Tao Jiang or Xing Liu.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they haves no competing interests associated with this work.

Ethical approval

The glioma tissue collection was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Beijing Tiantan Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University.

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

11060_2017_2704_MOESM1_ESM.tif

Fig S1. The prognostic value of the four-miRNA signature in the three molecular subgroups of LGGs. (A) Scatter plot demonstrating that the risk score was distributed differently in the three molecular subgroups. The signature enabled the segmentation of patients into high- and low-risk groups in the (B) IDHMUT +1p/19q codel, (C) IDHMUT +1p/19q non-codel, and (D) IDHWT subgroups (TIF 1460 KB)

11060_2017_2704_MOESM2_ESM.tif

Fig S2. Figure showing significant functions and pathway enrichment analysis of the four-miRNA signature in the validation dataset. (A) Heat map of differentially expressed genes between high- and low-risk four-miRNA signature groups from 420 LGG samples. (B) Network analysis and (C) gene ontology analysis showing that high-risk was associated with specific biological processes. (D) Pathway enrichment analysis showing that the high-risk group was associated with several KEGG pathways, including cell cycle and DNA replication (TIF 57539 KB)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Qian, Z., Li, Y., Fan, X. et al. Prognostic value of a microRNA signature as a novel biomarker in patients with lower-grade gliomas. J Neurooncol 137, 127–137 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-017-2704-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-017-2704-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation