Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Relationship between inflammatory cytokines and risk of depression, and effect of depression on the prognosis of high grade glioma patients

  • Clinical Study
  • Published:
Journal of Neuro-Oncology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This article was retracted on 18 August 2017

This article has been updated

Abstract

Depression is found to be associated with up-regulation of inflammatory cytokines. However, the relationship in high grade glioma (HGG) patients is still unclear. In this prospective study, a total 132 HGG patients participated in blood sample collection for inflammatory cytokines detection by ELISA, mental status, quality of life (QOL) and physical functional status testing. The association between inflammatory cytokines and depression risk was assessed using conditional logistic regression. The incidences of depressive symptoms and depression in high grade glioama patients were 45.5 and 25 % respectively during 12 months follow-up. We found the risk of depression was elevated with increased C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in high grade glioma patients after adjustment of confounders. The serum levels of CRP and IL-6 in patients with transient depression and depression were higher than those without depressive symptoms. In addition, depression had significant effects on the survival, QOL and physical functional status of patients. Depression is prevalent among patients with HGG. The present study suggests that serum CRP and IL-6 may serve as a depression marker for HGG patients. The survival and quality of life of HGG patients may be improved by an effective management for depression.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

Change history

  • 18 August 2017

    An erratum to this article has been published.

References

  1. Ostrom QT, Gittleman H, Liao P et al (2014) CBTRUS statistical report: primary brain and central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2007–2011. Neuro Oncol 16(Suppl 4):iv1–iv63

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  2. Dalton SO, Laursen TM, Ross L et al (2009) Risk for hospitalization with de-pression after a cancer diagnosis: a nationwide, population-based study of cancer patients in Denmark from 1973 to 2003. J Clin Oncol 27(9):1440–1445

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Benros ME, Laursen TM, Dalton SO et al (2009) Psychiatric disorder as a first manifestation of cancer: a 10-year population-based study. Int J Cancer 124:2917–2922

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Rooney AG, Carson A, Grant R (2011) Depression in cerebral glioma patients: a systematic review of observational studies. J Natl Cancer Inst 103(1):61–76

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Schiepers OJ, Wichers MC, Maes M (2005) Cytokines and major depression. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 29(2):201–217

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Litofsky NS, Resnick AG (2009) The relationships between depression and brain tumors. J Neurooncol 94(2):153–161

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Satin JR, Linden W, Phillips MJ (2009) Depression as a predictor of disease progression and mortality in cancer patients. A meta-analysis. Cancer 115(22):5349–5361

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Capuron L, Gumnick JF, Musselman DL et al (2002) Neurobehavioral effects of interferon-alpha in cancer patients: phenomenology and paroxetine responsiveness of symptom dimensions. Neuropsychopharmacology 26:643–652

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Maes M, Meltzer HY, Bosmans E et al (1995) Increased plasma concentrations of interleukin-6, soluble interleukin-6, soluble interleukin-2 and transferring receptor in major depression. J Affect Disord 34:301–309

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Howren MB, Lamkin DM, Suls J (2009) Associations of depression with C-reactive protein, IL-1, and IL-6: a meta-analysis. Psychosom Med 71:171–186

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Dowlati Y, Herrmann N, Swardfager W et al (2010) A meta-analysis of cytokines in major depression. Biol Psychiatry 67(5):446–457

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Jehn CF, Kuehnhardt D, Bartholomae A et al (2006) Biomarkers of depression in cancer patients. Cancer 107:2723–2729

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Musselman DL, Miller AH, Porter MR et al (2001) Higher than normal plasma interleukin-6 concentrations in cancer patients with depression: pre- liminary findings. Am J Psychiatry 158:1252–1257

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Soygur H, Palaoglu O, Akarsu ES et al (2007) Interleukin-6 levels and HPA axis activation in breast cancer patients with major depressive disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 31:1242–1247

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Bower JE, Ganz PA, Aziz N (2007) Inflammatory responses to psychological stress in fatigued breast cancer survivors: relationship to glucocorticoids. Brain Behav Immun 21:251–258

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Miller AH (2009) Mechanisms of cytokine-induced behavioral changes: psychoneuroimmunology at the translational interface. Brain Behav Immun 23(2):149–158

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Wu CW, Chen YC, Yu L et al (2007) Treadmill exercise counteracts the suppressive effects of peripheral lipopolysaccharide on hippocampal neurogenesis and learning and memory. J Neurochem 103:2471–2481

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Beck AT, Steer RA, Brown GK (1996) Beck Depression Inventory. The Psychological Corporation, San Antonio

    Google Scholar 

  19. Weitzner MA, Meyers CA, Gelke CK et al (1995) The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT) scale. Development of a brain subscale and revalidation of the general version (FACT-G) in patients with primary brain tumors. Cancer 75:1151–1161

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Cheng JX, Zhang X, Liu BL (2009) Health-related quality of life in patients with high-grade glioma. Neuro Oncol 11(1):41–50

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  21. Giovagnoli A, Tamburini M, Boiardi A (1996) Quality of life in brain tumor patients. J Neurooncol 30:71–80

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Bailey RK, Geyen DJ, Scott-Gurnell K et al (2005) Understanding and treating depression among cancer patients. Int J Gynecol Cancer 15:203–208

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. American Psychiatric Association (1994) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-IV, 4th edn. American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  24. Sellick SM, Crooks DL (1999) Depression and cancer: an appraisal of the literature for prevalence, detection, and practice guideline development for psychological intervention. Psychooncology 8:315–333

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Lucas M, Chocano-Bedoya P, Shulze MB et al (2014) Inflammatory dietary pattern and risk of depression among women. Brain Behav Immun 36:46–53

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Ader R, Cohen N, Felten D (1995) Psycho-neuro-immunology: interactions between the nervous system and the immune system. Lancet 345:99–103

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Yirmiya R (2000) Depression in medical illness: the role of the immune system. West J Med 173(5):333–336

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  28. Harbuz MS, Chover-Gonzalez AJ, Jessop DS (2003) Hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis and chronic immune activation. Ann N Y Acad Sci 992:99–106

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Raison CL, Borisov AS, Woolwine BJ (2010) Interferon-alpha effects on diurnal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity: relationship with proinflammatory cytokines and behavior. Mol Psychiatry 15(5):535–547

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Rich T, Innominato PF, Boerner J et al (2005) Elevated serum cytokines correlated with altered behavior, serum cortisol rhythm, and dampened 24-h rest-activity patterns in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Clin Cancer Res 11:1757–1764

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Maes M, Bosmans E, Meltzer HY et al (1993) Interleukin-1 beta: a putative mediator of HPA axis hyperactivity in major depression? Am J Psychiatry 150:1189–1193

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Vedder H, Schreiber W, Schuld A (2007) Immune-endocrine host response to endotoxin in major depression. J Psychiatr Res 41:280–289

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Raison CL, Borisov AS, Majer M (2009) Activation of central nervous system inflammatory pathways by interferon-alpha: relationship to monoamines and depression. Biol Psychiatry 65(04):296–303

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Capuron L, Neurauter G, Musselman DL et al (2003) Interferonalpha-induced changes in tryptophan metabolism: relationship to depression and paroxetine treatment. Biol Psychiatry 54:906–914

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Kitagami T, Yamada K, Miura H et al (2003) Mechanism of systemically injected interferon-alpha impeding monoamine biosynthesis in rats: role of nitric oxide as a signal crossing the blood-brain barrier. Brain Res 978:104–114

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Zhu CB, Blakely RD, Hewlett WA (2006) The proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha activate serotonin transporters. Neuropsychopharmacology 31:2121–2131

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Bernardino L, Agasse F, Silva B et al (2008) Tumor necrosis factor-alpha modulates survival, proliferation, and neuronal differentiation in neonatal subventricular zone cell cultures. Stem Cells 26:2361–2371

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Goshen I, Kreisel T, Ounallah-Saad H et al (2007) A dual role for interleukin-1 in hippocampal-dependent memory processes. Psychoneuroendocrinology 32:1106–1115

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Kore RA, Abraham EC (2014) Inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, upregulated in glioblastoma multiforme, raise the levels of CRYAB in exosomes secreted by U373 glioma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 453(3):326–331

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  40. Kumar R, Kamdar D, Madden L et al (2006) Th1/Th2 cytokine imbalance in meningioma, anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme patients. Oncol Rep 15:1513–1516

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Kim JW, Kim YK, Hwang JA et al (2013) Plasma levels of IL-23 and IL-17 before and after antidepressant treatment in patients with major depressive disorder. Psychiatry Investig 10(3):294–299

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  42. Mainio A, Hakko H, Niemela A et al (2005) Depression and functional outcome in patients with brain tumors: a population-based 1-year follow-up study. J Neurosurg 103:841–847

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Gathinji M, McGirt MJ, Attenello FJ et al (2009) Association of preoperative depression and survival after resection of malignant brain astrocytoma. Surg Neurol 71(3):299–303

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Wang Y, Huang M, Jiao JT et al (2014) Relationship between concentrations of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 and preoperative depression risk, and effect of psychological intervention on outcomes of high-grade glioma patients with preoperative depression in a 2-year prospective study. Med Oncol 31(5):921. doi:10.1007/s12032-014-0921-8

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Lucchiari C, Botturi A, Silvani A et al (2015) Cognitive strategies and quality of life of patients with high-grade glioma. Support Care Cancer. doi:10.1007/s00520-015-2691-z

  46. Mackworth N, Fobair P, Prados MD (1992) Quality of life self reports from 200 brain tumor patients: comparisons with Karnofsky performance scores. J Neurooncol 14:243–253

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Litofsky NS, Farace E, Anderson F Jr et al (2004) Glioma Outcomes Project Investigators. Depression in patients with high-grade glioma: results of the Glioma Outcomes Project. Neurosurgery 54(2):358–366

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Boele FW, Klein M, Reijneveld JC et al (2014) Symptom management and quality of life in glioma patients. CNS Oncol 3(1):37–47

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC. 81272791).

Author information

Author notes

    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China

      Jian-tong Jiao, Jun Sun, Jian-fen Ma, Min-chao Dai, Jin Huang, Chen Jiang, Cheng Wang, Chao Cheng & Jun-fei Shao

    Authors
    1. Jian-tong Jiao
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    2. Jun Sun
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    3. Jian-fen Ma
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    4. Min-chao Dai
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    5. Jin Huang
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    6. Chen Jiang
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    7. Cheng Wang
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    8. Chao Cheng
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    9. Jun-fei Shao
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    Corresponding author

    Correspondence to Jun-fei Shao.

    Ethics declarations

    Conflict of interest

    The author confirms that this article content has no conflict of interest.

    Additional information

    Jian-tong Jiao, Jun Sun and Jian-fen Ma have contributed to this study equally.

    The Editor and Publisher have retracted this article because the authors are unable to provide sufficient documentation of the study, including details of all the patients treated that would substantiate the facts in this paper. The authors disagree with this retraction.

    An erratum to this article is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11060-017-2592-8.

    An erratum to this article is available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-017-2592-8.

    Electronic supplementary material

    Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

    Supplementary material 1 (DOCX 10 kb)

    Supplementary material 2 (DOCX 15 kb)

    About this article

    Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

    Cite this article

    Jiao, Jt., Sun, J., Ma, Jf. et al. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Relationship between inflammatory cytokines and risk of depression, and effect of depression on the prognosis of high grade glioma patients. J Neurooncol 124, 475–484 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-015-1861-7

    Download citation

    • Received:

    • Accepted:

    • Published:

    • Issue Date:

    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-015-1861-7

    Keywords

    Search

    Navigation