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Raman molecular imaging of brain frozen tissue sections

  • Laboratory Investigation
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Abstract

Raman spectroscopy provides a molecular signature of the region being studied. It is ideal for neurosurgical applications because it is non-destructive, label-free, not impacted by water concentration, and can map an entire region of tissue. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the meaningful spatial molecular information provided by Raman spectroscopy for identification of regions of normal brain, necrosis, diffusely infiltrating glioma and solid glioblastoma (GBM). Five frozen section tissues (1 normal, 1 necrotic, 1 GBM, and 2 infiltrating glioma) were mapped in their entirety using a 300-µm-square step size. Smaller regions of interest were also mapped using a 25-µm step size. The relative concentrations of relevant biomolecules were mapped across all tissues and compared with adjacent hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections, allowing identification of normal, GBM, and necrotic regions. Raman peaks and peak ratios mapped included 1003, 1313, 1431, 1585, and 1659 cm−1. Tissue maps identified boundaries of grey and white matter, necrosis, GBM, and infiltrating tumor. Complementary information, including relative concentration of lipids, protein, nucleic acid, and hemoglobin, was presented in a manner which can be easily adapted for in vivo tissue mapping. Raman spectroscopy can successfully provide label-free imaging of tissue characteristics with high accuracy. It can be translated to a surgical or laboratory tool for rapid, non-destructive imaging of tumor margins.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Funding

This work was partially funded by the Hermelin Brain Tumor Center at Henry Ford Hospital, the Smart Sensors and Integrated Microsystems Program at Wayne State University, and the Paul U. Strauss/TEAMS endowed chair position at Wayne State University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Hermelin Brain Tumor Center, Henry Ford Health System, 2799 W Grand Blvd, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA

    Mark L. Rosenblum, Tom Mikkelsen, Aditya Raghunathan & Steven N. Kalkanis

  2. Department of Public Health Services, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA

    Laila M. Poisson

  3. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA

    Aditya Raghunathan

  4. Department of Surgery, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA

    Gregory W. Auner

  5. Electrical and Computer Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA

    Rachel E. Kast, Gregory W. Auner & Sally M. Yurgelevic

Authors
  1. Rachel E. Kast
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  2. Gregory W. Auner
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  3. Mark L. Rosenblum
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  4. Tom Mikkelsen
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  6. Aditya Raghunathan
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  7. Laila M. Poisson
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  8. Steven N. Kalkanis
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Correspondence to Steven N. Kalkanis.

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Kast, R.E., Auner, G.W., Rosenblum, M.L. et al. Raman molecular imaging of brain frozen tissue sections. J Neurooncol 120, 55–62 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-014-1536-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-014-1536-9

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