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A population-based study of low-grade gliomas and mutated isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1)

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Abstract

Low-grade gliomas (LGG) have a slow growth rate, but transformations into malignant gliomas with a rapid deterioration occur in many patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical prognostic factors in a population-based cohort of patients with LGG. In addition we investigated the expression and prognostic value of the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) R132H mutation. Seventy-four patients diagnosed between 2005 and 2009 in the Region of Southern Denmark were identified using the Danish Cancer Register and The Danish Pathology Databank. Survival analysis using Cox regression was performed in 52 patients with tumor samples useable for immunohistochemical evaluation of IDH1 status. Patients with a contrast enhancing tumor, neurological deficits, headache, an astrocytic tumor and PS 2–4 had an increased risk of recurrence. In univariate analysis age > 50 years (HR 2.14, 95 % CI 1.08–4.24), having neurological deficit (HR 2.28, 95 % CI 1.15–4.52), receiving post-surgical treatment (HR 2.52, 95 % CI 1.19–5.32), being in performance status 2–4 (HR 1.44, 95 % CI 1.15–1.81), and having an astrocytic tumor (HR 3.79, 95 % CI 1.64–8.73) were associated with poor survival. Mutated IDH1 (mIDH1) was identified in 46 % of the patients and was significantly correlated to a good survival in both univariate (HR 0.24, 95 % CI 0.11–0.53) and in multivariate analysis (HR 0.40, 95 % CI 0.17–0.91). The other clinical variables were not significant when adjusted for the effect of mIDH1 status. We find that young age, the absence of neurologic deficit, PS 0–1 and oligodendroglial histology were associated with better survival. IDH1 status showed independent prognostic information when adjusting for classical prognostic factors, and should be validated in a larger patient population.

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Acknowledgments

We acknowledge the laboratory work done by technicians Helle Wohleben and Tanja Dreehsen Højgaard. We thanks consultant Benedicte Parm Ulhøj, The Department of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital and Professor Mogens Vyberg, Department of Pathology, Aalborg University Hospital for help with tissue samples. This work was supported by The Region of Southern Denmark, The Research Council at Odense University Hospital, Carl J. Beckers Foundation, Jacob and Olga Madsen Foundation, Danish Cancer Research Foundation, Karen A. Tolstrup Foundation, Foundation for Research in Neurology, Foundation of Cancer Research at Copenhagen University and the Beckett Foundation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Sdr. Boulevard 29, 5000, Odense, Denmark

    Rikke H. Dahlrot, Jørn Herrstedt & Steinbjørn Hansen

  2. Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

    Bjarne W. Kristensen

  3. Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

    Rikke H. Dahlrot, Bjarne W. Kristensen, Jørn Herrstedt & Steinbjørn Hansen

  4. Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

    Jacob Hjelmborg

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  1. Rikke H. Dahlrot
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Correspondence to Rikke H. Dahlrot.

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Dahlrot, R.H., Kristensen, B.W., Hjelmborg, J. et al. A population-based study of low-grade gliomas and mutated isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1). J Neurooncol 114, 309–317 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-013-1186-3

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