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Geologic and Economic Criteria for Siting Clean-Coal Facilities in the Texas Gulf Coast, USA

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Abstract

The Texas Gulf Coast (TGC) contains the greatest number of favorably co-located CO2 sources and sinks in Texas that favor new potential clean-coal facilities. Areas in the TGC with clean-coal potential were delineated by mapping spatial linkages between coal- and lignite-bearing formations and geologic and infrastructure factors that include proximity to existing fields from mine-mouth power plants for enhanced oil recovery (EOR), length of new pipelines to transport CO2 from new clean-coal facilities to either EOR fields or to brine formations for deep storage, proximity to centers of electric load, and depth to subsurface coal for enhanced coalbed methane recovery. Other factors include thickness of brine formations for deep storage of CO2, groundwater and surface-water availability, and proximity to railroads for haulage of western U.S. coal feedstock. Geospatial analysis of maps portraying the distribution of these factors, together with data on volumes of oil recoverable from miscible CO2 flooding of oil fields, indicates that optimal areas for new clean-coal sites in the TGC are in east and southeast Texas. CO2 pipeline networks linking these sites to EOR fields are integral components of systems that can typically recover 5–50 million stock tank barrels from miscible CO2 flooding from each EOR field. Many of these fields with EOR potential (for example, Neches, Long Lake, Conroe, and Livingston) have a great potential for stacked CO2 storage, in which multiple reservoir zones can undergo EOR development and deeper zones in the field can accommodate excess CO2 from EOR operations.

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Acknowledgments

The Gulf Coast Carbon Center at the Bureau of Economic Geology acknowledges support of this research by BG Group, BP America, Chevron, Environmental Defense Fund, Exxon-Mobil Corporation, General Electric, KinderMorgan, Luminant, NRG, Saudi Aramco, Schlumberger Carbon Services, Shell, and the Jackson School of Geosciences. The manuscript benefitted from the reviews of J.C. Pashin and an anonymous reviewer. John Ames, under the supervision of Cathy Brown in the Media Information Technology Group, prepared the illustrations. Lana Dieterich edited the manuscript. Publication was authorized by the Director, Bureau of Economic Geology, The University of Texas at Austin.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Gulf Coast Carbon Center, Bureau of Economic Geology, Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78713-8924, USA

    W. A. Ambrose, C. Breton & V. Núñez-López

  2. Center for Energy Economics, Bureau of Economic Geology, Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 1801 Allen Parkway, Houston, TX, 77019, USA

    G. Gülen

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  1. W. A. Ambrose
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  2. C. Breton
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  3. V. Núñez-López
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  4. G. Gülen
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to W. A. Ambrose.

Appendix: List of EOR fields in this study, by number: field: reservoir or stratigraphic unit

Appendix: List of EOR fields in this study, by number: field: reservoir or stratigraphic unit

1: Pearsall: Austin Chalk

2: Harris: No name

3: Big Wells: San Miguel

4: Charlotte: Navarro

5: Falls City: Wilcox

6: Charlotte: No name

7: Slick: Wilcox

8: Person: Edwards

9: Cottonwood Creek, South: Wilcox

10: Burnell: Luling

11: Yoward: No name

12: Karon: Luling

13: Cabeza Creek: Slick Wilcox

14: Panna Maria: Edwards

15: Burnell: No name

16: Caesar South: No name

17: Caesar South: Luling

18: Big Wells East: San Miguel

19: Tulsita: Wilcox

20: Hagist Ranch: Queen City

21: Devils Water Hole: 7000 Sand

22: Charlotte, North: San Miguel-Olmos

23: Charlotte, North: No name

24: Imogene: No name

25: Pruitt: San Miguel-Olmos

26: Burnell: Slick Wilcox

27: Pruitt, Southeast: Olmos

28: Clayton: Queen City B

29: Washburn Ranch: No name

30: Charamousca, West: Wilcox 2

31: Person: Edwards, Upper

32: Boyce: No name

33: Tuleta: no name

34: Burnell: Reclaw

35: Porter: Jackson-Yegua

36: Charamousca, West: Wilcox 2 Segment C

37: Malo Sueno: Jackson-Yegua

38: Horn: San Miguel-Olmos

39: Runge: Wilcox

40: Brandt: Wilcox

41: Hagist Ranch: Wilcox G Sand

42: Viggo: Queen City

43: Barvo: Pettus Segment B, Jackson-Yegua

44: Bruni Southeast: Queen City

45: Richardson: Caddo

46: Harris: Queen

47: Big Wells, Northeast: San Miguel

48: Knox: Mississippi Lime

49: Davis: Ellenburger

50: Gottschalt: Jackson

51: Jennings, West: Queen City

52: Hordes Creek: No name

53: Loma Alta: Wilcox

54: Pleasonton, East: Escondido

55: Meyersville, North: Wilcox

56: Galba: Navarro

57: Bruni: Queen

58: Clayton: Slick Wilcox 6500

59: Giddings: Austin Chalk-3

60: Columbus: Wilcox

61: Giddings: Buda

62: New Ulm: Wilcox

63: Sheridan: Wilcox

64: Vienna: Wilcox

65: Sheridan: Yegua

66: Sheridan, Southwest: Wilcox

67: Columbus Wilcox 11-A

68: Conroe: Yegua

69: Livingston: Yegua

70: Livingston: Wilcox

71: Mercy: No name

72: Halliday: Woodbine

73: Conroe: Cockfield Upper: Yegua

74: Livingston: Sparta

75: Fort Trinidad East: Buda

76: Fort Trinidad East: Dexter C Woodbine

77: OSR: Woodbine

78: Conroe Townsite: Yegua

79: Fort Trinidad: Dexter “A” Woodbine

80: Leona: Sub Clarksville

81: Schwab: Wilcox

82: Madisonville Northeast: Woodbine Dexter

83: Lake Creek: Eocene Deltaic Sandstone No. 5 Sand

84: Cold Springs: Eocene Deltaic Sandstone

85: Day Woodbine

86: Fort Trinidad: Dexter “B” Woodbine

87: Fort Trinidad East: Dexter Woodbine

88: Fort Trinidad: Glen Rose, Upper

89: Mapleton: Durst Sand Woodbine

90: Fort Trinidad North: Buda

91: Lake Creek: Eocene Deltaic Sandstone: No. 1 Sand

92: Neches: Woodbine

93: Quitman: Cretaceous sandstone

94: Long Lake: Woodbine

95: New Hope: Cretaceous sandstone

96: Rodessa: Glen Rose

97: Picton: Glen Rose

98: Picton: No name

99: New Hope: Gen Rose Bacon Lime

100: Haynes: Mitchell Glen Rose

101: Kildare: Glen Rose

102: Tatum: Pettit Lower

103: Wright Mountain: Pettit Lower

104: Opelika: Glen Rose

105: Shiloh: Pettit Upper

106: Chapel Hill: Cretaceous sandstone

107: New Hope: Hill Sand, Cretaceous sandstone

108: Quitman: Sub Clarksville

109: Carthage: Sabine Uplift shallow marine sandstone

110: Woodlawn: Glen Rose

111: Midway Lake: Cretaceous Salt-Related Structures

112: Navarro Crossing: Woodbine

113: Hallsville, Northeast: Pettit

114: Pine Mills: Woodbine

115: Good Omen: Pettit

116: Jacksonville, North: Woodbine

117: Chapel Hill: Travis Peak

118: Carthage: Burnett Sands, Glen Rose

119: Rodessa: Glen Rose Dees-Young

120: Long Lake East: Woodbine

121: Slocum West: Woodbine

122: Tennessee Colony: Rodessa Lower

123: Salmon: Sub Clarksville

124: Danville: Pettit Upper

125: Lake Ferrell: Pettit Upper

126: Friendship: Rodessa

127: Slocum Northwest: Woodbine C

128: Kildare: Pettit

129: Carbondale: Smackover 9660

130: Linden East: Cotton Valley

131: Grapeland: Woodbine

132: Grapeland: No name

133: Tennessee Colony: Pettit

134: William Wise: No name

135: Vicki Lynn: Rodessa

136: Rodessa: Glen Rose Gloyd

137: Waskom: Hurley Orr Sabine Uplift Cretaceous Sandstone

138: Oakwood Dome: Woodbine

139: Cayuga, Northwest: Rodessa

140: Bethany: Travis Peak A Sandstone

141: Malakoff, South: Bacon Lime Glen Rose

142: Whelan: Pettit Upper

143: Tyler: Cretaceous sandstone

144: Slocum: Sub Clarksville

145: Barkley: Woodbine

146: Slocum North: Sub Clarksville

147: Quitman: Rodessa

148: Carthage: Travis Peak 6400

149: Pone: Basal Pettit

150: Pine Mills: Paluxy

151: Pine Mills: Woodbine Wagoner

152: Mount Sylvan Cretaceous Sandstone, Salt-Related Structures

153: Coke: Young Zone Glen Rose

154: Reka 6800: Unknown

155: Newsome: Pittsburg 8200

156: La Rue: Glen Rose

157: Rodessa Northwest: Mitchell Glen Rose

158: Carthage: Sabine Uplift shallow marine sandstone

159: Woodlawn: Glen Rose Hill

160: Winnsboro: Glen Rose Carbonate

161: Slocum Northwest: Woodbine D

162: Cyril: Travis Peak 7650

163: Rodessa: Glen Rose Hill

164: Carthage: Travis Peak Southwest 6400

165: Reilly Springs: Smackover

166: Good Omen: Woodbine

167: Segno Deep: Eocene Deltaic Sandstone

168: Joes Lake: Eocene Deltaic Sandstone

169: Hillister East: Eocene Deltaic Sandstone, Cockfield Fifth

170: Theuvenins Creek: Wilcox 8400

171: Drake’’s Branch: Yegua Cockfield Third

172: Quicksand Creek: Wilcox 10400

173: Hillister East: Eocene Deltaic Sandstone

174: Bon Weir: Eocene Deltaic Sandstone

175: Theuvenins Creek: Wilcox 8500

176: Drake’s Branch: Yegua Cockfield First

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Ambrose, W.A., Breton, C., Núñez-López, V. et al. Geologic and Economic Criteria for Siting Clean-Coal Facilities in the Texas Gulf Coast, USA. Nat Resour Res 21, 461–482 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-012-9188-y

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