Abstract
In the present study, we analyzed the average size and zeta potential of nanobubbles (NBs) in chemical reagent solutions. Here, we proposed the possible mechanisms for the size growth and for negative and positive NB creation. NBs were produced by dispersing a supersaturated air-water mixture in a mixing chamber, and then causing the breakup of microbubbles in a Teflon hose. The size and zeta potential of the NBs were measured by dynamic light scattering. The NB size had no dependency on pH and grew over time. The proposed mechanism of the NBs’ size growth related to their coalescence in the solutions. The bubbles were charged negatively in the presence of glucose, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and Na+, while they were charged positively in the addition of dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide, Al3+, and Fe3+. The NB zeta potential decreased in all solutions, while their pH increased from 2 to 12. Zeta potential values remained stable for 150 min, proving the long-term permanence of bubbles in the bulk solutions. The charged NBs were created from the adsorbed species such as OH− and DODA+ and possible aqueous speciation (through the addition of metal ions) on its surface. Our results indicate that the type of chemical reagent solution can influence both the sign of the surface charge and the size of NBs, allowing them to be applicable in many treatment processes for water treatment.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Agarwal A, Ng WJ, Liu Y (2011) Principle and applications of microbubble and nanobubble technology for water treatment. Chemosphere 84(9):1175–1180
Alves LA, Silva AJB, Giulietti M (2007) Solubility of d-glucose in water and ethanol/water mixtures. J Chem Eng Data 526:2166–2170
Arturo B-T, Roberto P-G, Diego M-C (2015) Zeta potential of air bubbles conditioned with typical froth flotation reagents. Int J Miner Process 140:50–57
Botello-Álvarez JE, Sergio AB-R, Raul G-G, Alejandro E-B, Jose AP-M, Guillermo G-A, Jose LN-B (2011) Effect of electrolytes in aqueous solution on bubble size in gas-liquid bubble columns. Ind Eng Chem Res 50:12203–12207
Calgaroto S, Wilberg KQ, Rubio J (2014) On the nanobubbles interfacial properties and future applications in flotation. Miner Eng 60:33–40
Carmona-Ribeiro AM (2017) The versatile Dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide. Application and characterization of surfactants. R. Najjar, Intech, pp 157–181
Castro S, Miranda C, Toledo P, Laskowski JS (2013) Effect of frothers on bubble coalescence and foaming in electrolyte solutions and seawater. Int J Miner Process 124:8–14
Cho S-H, Kim J-Y, Chun J-H, Kim J-D (2005) Ultrasonic formation of nanobubbles and their zeta-potentials in aqueous electrolyte and surfactant solutions. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 269:28–34
Chu P, Waters KE, Finch JA (2016) Break-up in formation of small bubbles: break-up in a confined volume. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 503:88–93
Elmahdy AM, Mirnezami M, Finch JA (2008) Zeta potential of air bubbles in presence of frothers. Int J Miner Process 89:40–43
Fan M, Tao D, Honake R, Luo Z (2010) Nanobubble generation and its application in froth flotation (part I): nanobubble generation and its effects on properties of microbubble and millimeter scale bubble solutions. Min Sci Technol 20(1):1–19
Finch JA, Gelinas S, Moyo P (2006) Frother-related research at McGill University. Miner Eng 19:726–733
Finch JA, Nesset JE, Acuna C (2008) Role of frother on bubble production and behaviour in flotation. Miner Eng 21:949–957
Galvin KP, Engel MD, Nicol SK (1994) The potential for reagent recycle in the ion flotation of gold cyanide-a pilot scale field trial. Int J Miner Process 42:75–98
Haarhoff J, Edzwald JK (2001) Modelling of floc-bubble aggregate rise rates in dissolved air flotation. Water Sci Technol 43(8):175–184
Han MY, Kim MK, Ahn HJ (2006) Effects of surface charge, micro-bubble size and particle size on removal efficiency of electro-flotation. Water Sci Technol 53(7):127–132
Jia W, Ren S, Hu B (2013) Effect of water chemistry on zeta potential of air bubbles. Int J Electrochem Sci 8:5828–5837
Kikuchi K, Loka A, Oku T, Tanaka Y, Saihara Y, Ogumi Z (2009) Concentration determination of oxygen nanobubbles in electrolyzed water. J Colloid Interface Sci 329(2):306–309
Kim J, Song MG, Kim JD (2000) Zeta potential of nanobubbles generated by ultrasonication in aqueous alkyl polyglycoside solutions. J Colloid Interface Sci 223(2):285–291
Kracht W, Finch JA (2009) Using sound to study bubble coalescence. J Colloid Interface Sci 332:237–245
Li C, Somasundaran P (1991) Reversal of bubble charge in multivalent inorganic salt solutions - effect of magnesium. J Colloid Interface Sci 146(1):215–218
Meegoda JN, Hewage SH, Batagoda JH (2018) Stability of nanobubbles. Environ Eng Sci 35:1216–1227
Najafi AS, Drelich J, Yeung A, Xu Z, Masliyah J (2007) A novel method of measuring electrophoretic mobility of gas bubbles. J Colloid Interface Sci 308:344–350
Quinn JJ, Sovechles JM, Finch JA, Waters KE (2014) Critical coalescence concentration of inorganic salt solutions. Miner Eng 58:1–6
Saulnier P, Lachaise J, Morel G, Graciaa A (1996) Zeta potential of air bubbles in surfactant solutions. J Colloid Interface Sci 182:395–399
Sovechles JM, Lepage MR, Johnson B, Waters KE (2016) Effect of gas rate and impeller speed on bubble size in frother-electrolyte solutions. Miner Eng 99:133–141
Stetefeld J, McKenna SA, Patel TR (2016) Dynamic light scattering: a practical guide and applications in biomedical sciences. Biophys Rev 8(4):409–427
Takahashi M (2005) ζ potential of microbubbles in aqueous solutions: electrical properties of the gas−water interface. J Phys Chem B 109(46):21858–21864
Temesgen T, Bui TT, Han MY, Kim T-I, Park HJ (2017) Micro and nanobubble technologies as a new horizon for water-treatment techniques: a review. Adv Colloid Interf Sci 246:40–51
Tsai JC, Kumar M, Chen S-J, Lin J-G (2007) Nano-bubble flotation technology with coagulation process for the cost-effective treatment of chemical mechanical polishing wastewater. Sep Purif Technol 58:61–67
Uchida T, Liu S, Enari M, Oshita S, Yamazaki K, Gohara K (2016) Effect of NaCl on the lifetime of micro- and nanobubbles. Nanomaterials 6(2):31–40
Ushikubo FY, Furukawa T, Nakagawa R, Enari M, Makino Y, Kawagoe Y, Shiina T, Oshita S (2010) Evidence of the existence and the stability of nano-bubbles in water. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 361:31–37
Usui S (1984) Electrical phenomena at interfaces. Surfactant Sci Ser 15:30
WHO (1998) Guidelines for drinking-water quality, 2nd edn. Health criteeria and other supporting information, Geneva
Wu C, Nesset K, Masliyah J, Xu Z (2012) Generation and characterization of submicron size bubbles. Adv Colloid Interf Sci 179-182:123–132
Funding
This work was supported by Korea Environment Industry & Technology Institute (KEITI) through Public Technology Program based on Environmental Policy, funded by Korea Ministry of Environment (MOE) (2018000200001).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bui, T.T., Nguyen, D.C. & Han, M. Average size and zeta potential of nanobubbles in different reagent solutions. J Nanopart Res 21, 173 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-019-4618-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-019-4618-y