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Antifungal Activity of Essential Oils Against Candida Species Isolated from Clinical Samples

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Abstract

We evaluated the in vitro antifungal activity of essential oils obtained from the aromatic plants Laurus nobilis, Thymus vulgaris, Mentha piperita, Cymbopogon citratus and Lippia junelliana against the following Candida species isolated from clinical samples: C. krusei (n = 10); C. albicans (n = 50); C. glabrata (n = 70) and C. parapsilosis (n = 80). The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined according to EDef 7.3.1 document from EUCAST. Amphotericin B and fluconazole were the antifungal drugs used as inhibition control. The concentration ranges evaluated were 0.4–800 and 0.03–128 mg l−1 for essential oils and antifungal drugs, respectively. MIC50 and MIC90, mode and ranges were calculated. All the Candida spp. evaluated were susceptible to amphotericin B (MIC ≤ 1 mg l−1), while fluconazole was inactive for C. krusei (MIC ≥ 32 mg l−1) and intermediate for C. glabrata (MIC≤ 32 mg l−1). The essential oils showed antifungal activity on Candida spp. tested with MIC90 values ranging from 0.8 to 800 mg l−1. In general, the most active essential oils were L. nobilis and T. vulgaris (MIC90 0.8–0.16 mg l−1), and the least active was C. officinalis (MIC90 400–800 mg l−1). C. krusei was inhibited by 5/6 of the essential oils evaluated, and C. glabrata was the least susceptible one. This in vitro study confirms the antifungal activity of these six essential oils assayed which could be a potential source of new molecules useful to control fungal infections caused by some Candida species, including those resistant to antifungal drugs.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Sonia Vigna and Miguel Juárez for providing the essential oils used in the present study.

Funding

This study was partially funded by the Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Tetraanual Research Incentive Project No. 11A 283.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento Micología, INEI ANLIS “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán”, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 563, CP 1281, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    S. Córdoba, W. Vivot & W. Szusz

  2. Cátedra Micología Médica e Industrial, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 60 y 119. La Plata, CP 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    S. Córdoba

  3. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 60 y 119. La Plata, CP 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    G. Albo

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  1. S. Córdoba
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  4. G. Albo
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Contributions

SC designed the study and prepared the manuscript; WV and WS performed the in vitro test; GNA analyzed the data.

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Correspondence to S. Córdoba.

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Córdoba, S., Vivot, W., Szusz, W. et al. Antifungal Activity of Essential Oils Against Candida Species Isolated from Clinical Samples. Mycopathologia 184, 615–623 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-019-00364-5

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