Abstract
Talaromyces marneffei infection involving the trachea presents as diffuse irregular nodules that grow on the tracheal lumen and/or rarely present as concurrent severe eosinophilia. Herein, we report two patients without HIV infection whose main tracheal and/or principal bronchi were involved by T. marneffei infection, which manifested as diffuse proliferative nodules. In case 1, the infection primarily affected the main trachea, resulting in structural cartilage damage, tracheal stenosis, and tracheal absence. In case 2, there were diffuse proliferative nodules in the trachea and bronchi with marked eosinophilia. The final diagnosis was made based on a positive culture from bronchiolar lavage fluid, skin, and tracheal polyps. Case 1 was administered antifungal treatment combined with surgery, but relapse occurred during a 3-month follow-up period. Case 2 was treated by intravenous liposomal amphotericin B combined with atomized inhaled liposomal amphotericin B, and he later showed improvement; there was no relapse during the 12-month period of antifungal treatment. Importantly, atomized inhaled amphotericin B antifungal treatment for T. marneffei infection has never been previously reported.
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Acknowledgments
The authors thank Zhenbo Feng, Professor of Pathology, Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University.
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Written informed consent was obtained from each patient for the publication of this case report and any accompanying images. A copy of the written consent form was made available for the Editor of this journal to review.
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The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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Ye Qiu and DeCheng Lu have contributed equally to this project and should be considered co-first authors.
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Qiu, Y., Lu, D., Zhang, J. et al. Treatment of Disseminated Talaromyces marneffei with Tracheal Infection: Two Case Reports. Mycopathologia 180, 245–249 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-015-9891-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-015-9891-4