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Photodynamic Antifungal Therapy Against Chromoblastomycosis

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Abstract

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive approach, in which a photosensitizer compound is activated by exposure to light. The activation of the sensitizer drug results in several chemical reactions, such as the production of reactive oxygen species and other reactive molecules, which presence in the biological site leads to the damage of target cells. Although PDT has been primarily developed to combat cancerous lesions, this therapy can be employed for the treatment of several conditions, including infectious diseases. A wide range of microorganisms, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and fungi, have demonstrated susceptibility to antimicrobial PDT. This treatment might consist in an alternative for the management of fungal infections. Antifungal photodynamic therapy has been successfully employed against Candida species, dermatophytes, and Aspergillus niger. Chromoblastomycosis is an infection that involves skin and subcutaneous tissues caused by the traumatic inoculation of dematiaceous fungi species, being that the most prevalent are Fonsecaea pedrosoi and Claphialophora carrionii. In the present work, the clinical applications of PDT for the treatment of chromoblastomycosis are evaluated. We have employed methylene blue as photosensitizer and a LED (Light Emitting Diode) device as light source. The results of this treatment are positive, denoting the efficacy of PDT against chromoblastomycosis. Considering that great part of the published works are focused on in vitro trials, these clinical tests can be considered a relevant source of information about antifungal PDT, since its results have demonstrated to be promising. The perspectives of this kind of treatment are analyzed in agreement with the recent literature involving antifungal PDT.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei. Praça Dom Helvécio, 74, Fábricas, 36301160, São João Del Rei, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Juliana Pereira Lyon

  2. Departamento de Medicina I, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão. Rua Barão de Itapary, 227 – Hospital Presidente Dutra, 4º andar Centro, 65020-070, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil

    Conceição de Maria Pedroso e Silva Azevedo

  3. Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei. Praça Dom Helvécio, 74, Fábricas, 36301160, São João Del Rei, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Leonardo Marmo Moreira

  4. Universidade Camilo Castelo Branco, Rodovia Presidente Dutra, Km 138, Parque tecnológico de São José dos Campos, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil

    Carlos José de Lima

  5. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiologia. Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, 31270901, Belo Horizonte, Minas gerais, Brazil

    Maria Aparecida de Resende

Authors
  1. Juliana Pereira Lyon
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  2. Conceição de Maria Pedroso e Silva Azevedo
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  3. Leonardo Marmo Moreira
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  4. Carlos José de Lima
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  5. Maria Aparecida de Resende
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Correspondence to Juliana Pereira Lyon.

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Lyon, J.P., de Maria Pedroso e Silva Azevedo, C., Moreira, L.M. et al. Photodynamic Antifungal Therapy Against Chromoblastomycosis. Mycopathologia 172, 293–297 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-011-9434-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-011-9434-6

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