The Editor-in-Chief has retracted this article [1], which was published as part of special issue “Multi-source Weak Data Management using Big Data”, because its content has been duplicated from an unpublished manuscript authored by Laeeq Aslam, Muhammad Amir, Ijaz Mansoor Qureshi and Sharjeel Abid Butt without permission. In addition, there is evidence of figure duplication without appropriate permission, as well as evidence suggesting authorship manipulation and an attempt to subvert the peer review process. Author Chao Xiong agrees to this retraction. Authors Yuan Li, Xia Han, Ruxi Xiang, FengYou He, and Hongwei Du have not responded to correspondence about this retraction. References

  1. 1.

    Li, Y., Xiong, C., Han, X. et al. Image steganography using cosine transform with large-scale multimedia applications. Multimed Tools Appl (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-017-5557-1