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Lagrangian twin support vector regression and genetic algorithm based robust grayscale image watermarking

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Abstract

A novel imperceptible, secure and robust grayscale image watermarking scheme using Lagrangian twin support vector regression (LTSVR) and genetic algorithm (GA) in discrete Cosine transform (DCT) domain is presented in this manuscript. Fuzzy entropy is used to select the relevant blocks for embedding the watermark. Selected number of blocks based on fuzzy entropy not only reduces the dimensionality of the watermarking problem but also discards redundant and irrelevant blocks. Significant DCT coefficients having high energy compaction property of each selected block are used to form the image dataset to train LTSVR to find the non-linear regression function between the input and target vector. The adaptive watermark strength, different for each selected block, is decided by the GA process based on well defined fitness function. Due to good learning capability of image characteristics and high generalization property of LTSVR, watermark is successfully extracted from the watermarked images against a series of image processing operations. From the experimental and comparison results performed on standard and real world images, it is inferred that the proposed method is suitable for copyright protection applications where high degree of robustness is desirable.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India

    Ashok Kumar Yadav & Raj Kumar

  2. Amity School of Engineering and Technology, 580, Delhi Palam Vihar Road, Bijwasan, New Delhi, India, 110061

    Rajesh Mehta

  3. University School of Information and Communication Technology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Sector 16-C, New Delhi, India

    Virendra P. Vishwakarma

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  1. Ashok Kumar Yadav
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  2. Rajesh Mehta
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  3. Raj Kumar
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  4. Virendra P. Vishwakarma
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Correspondence to Ashok Kumar Yadav.

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Yadav, A.K., Mehta, R., Kumar, R. et al. Lagrangian twin support vector regression and genetic algorithm based robust grayscale image watermarking. Multimed Tools Appl 75, 9371–9394 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-016-3381-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-016-3381-7

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