Abstract
Highlight extraction, as one of the key technologies in soccer video retrieval and summarization, has great academic and application value. According to the principle that the observer’s affection state would fluctuate with the evolution of game process when watching soccer match video, a novel highlight extraction approach based on the improved affection arousal model is proposed. Compared with the existing works, our main contributions include the following. A novel feature – shot intensity is exploited to replace the motion activity, which greatly improves the computational performance of affection arousal model. Another helpful feature – replay factor is designed and successfully fused into the affection arousal model. This makes the affection arousal model reflect the variation of the true match process more accurately. In addition, event temporal transition pattern (ETTP) in soccer video is utilized to detect highlights boundaries effectively combined with the affection arousal curve. Experiments conducted on real-world soccer game videos have demonstrated the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Assfalg J, Bertini M, Del Bimbo A, Nunziati W, Pala P (2002) Soccer highlights detection and recognition using HMMs. In Proceedings of IEEE International Conference and Multimedia Expo (ICME), Lausanne, 1:825–828
Boyar M, Alan Q, Akpinar S, Sabuncu O, Cicekli NK, Alpaslan FN (2010) Event boundary detection using audio-visual features and web-casting texts with imprecise time information. In Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME), 578–583
Chen S-C, Chen M, Zhang C, Shyu ML (2006) Exciting event detection using multi-level multimodal descriptors and data classification. In Proceedings of 8-th IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia (ISM), 193–200
Dietz R, Lang A (1999) Affective agents: effects of agent affect on arousal, attention, liking and learning. In Proceedings of the Third International Cognitive Technology Conference, San Francisco, CA, 151–156
Ekin, Tekalp AM (2003) Generic play-break event detection for summarization and hierarchical sports video analysis. In Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME), Vol I, 169–172
Gong Y, Sin LT, Chuan CH, Zhang H, Sakauchi MS (1995) Automatic parsing of TV soccer programs. In Proceedings of Multimedia Computing and System, 167–174
Halin AA, Rajeswari M, Abbasnejad ME (2013) Soccer event detection via collaborative multimodal feature analysis and candidate ranking. Int Arab J Inf Technol 10(5):1–9
Hanjalic (2005) Adaptive extraction of highlights from a sport video based on excitement modeling. IEEE Trans Multimed 7(6):1114–1122
Hanjalic, Xu LQ (2005) Affective video content representation and modeling. IEEE Trans Multimed 7(1):143–154
Huang Q, Hu J, Hu W, Wang T, Bai H, Zhang Y (2007) A reliable logo and replay detector for sports video. In Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME), Beijing, 1695–1698
Huang CL, Shih HC, Chao CY (2006) Semantic analysis of soccer video using dynamic Bayesian network. IEEE Trans Multimed 8(4):749–760
Jain N, Chaudhury S, Roy SD, Mukherjee P, Seal K, Talluri K (2008) A novel learning-based framework for detecting interesting events in soccer videos. In Proceedings of sixth Indian Conference on Computer Vision, Graphics & Image Processing, 119–125
Kolekar MH (2011) Bayesian belief network based broadcast sports video indexing. Multimed Tools Appli 54:27–54
Kolekar MH, Palaniappan K (2009) Semantic concept mining based on hierarchical event detection for soccer video indexing. J Multimed 4(5):298–312
Li B, Errico JH, Pan H, Sezan I (2004) Bridging the semantic gap in sports video retrieval and summarization. J Vis Commun Image Represent 15(3):393–424
Liang C, Zhang Y, Xu C, Wang J, Lu H (2009) A hierarchical semantics-matching approach for sports video annotation. Advances in Multimedia Information Processing-PCM 2009, 684–696
Pan H, van Beek, Sezan MI (2001) Detection of slow-motion replay segment in sports video for highlights generation. In Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP), Salt Lake City, UT, 3:1649–1652
Qian X, Liu G, Wang Z, Li Z, Wang H (2010) Highlight events detection in soccer video using HCRF. In Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Internet Multimedia Computing and Service, Harbin, China
Qian X, Wang H, Liu G, Hou X (2010) HMM based soccer video event detection using enhanced mid-level semantic. Multimed Tools Appl 60(1):1–23
Snoek CGM, Worring M (2003) Time interval maximum entropy based event indexing in soccer video. In Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME), 3: 481–484
Tjondronegoro DW, Chen YPP (2010) Knowledge-discounted event detection in sports video. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern Part A-Syst Hum 40(5):1009–1024
Wang L, Lew M, Xu G (2004) Offense based temporal segmentation for event detection in soccer video. In Proceedings of the 6th ACM SIGMM International Workshop on Multimedia Information Retrieval, New York, NY, USA, 259–266
Wang T, Li J, Diao Q, Hu W, Zhang Y, Dulong C (2006) Semantic event detection using conditional random fields. In Proceedings of the 2006 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshop
Wang F, Ma YF, Zhang HJ, Li JT 2004) Dynamic Bayesian network based event detection for soccer highlight extraction. In Proceedings of International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), 1:633–636
Xie L, Chang SF, Divakaran A, Sun H (2002) Structure analysis of soccer video with hidden markov models. In Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP), Orlando, FL, USA, IV-4096-IV-4099
Xu H, Fong TH, Chua TS (2005) Fusion of multiple asynchronous information sources for event detection in soccer video. In Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME), Vols 1 and 2, 1243–1246
Xu CS, Wang J, Lu H, Zhang Y (2008) A novel framework for semantic annotation and personalized retrieval of sports video. IEEE Trans Multimed 10(3):421–436
Xu C, Wang J, Wan K, Li Y, Duan L (2006) Live sports event detection based on broadcast video and web-casting text. In Proceedings of the 14th annual ACM International Conference on Multimedia, Santa Barbara, CA, USA, 221–230
Xu P, Xie L, Chang SF, Divakaran A, Vetro A, Sun H (2001) Algorithms and system for segmentation and structure analysis in soccer video. In Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME), 721–724
Yina H, Liu G, Chollet G (2008) Goal event detection in broadcast soccer videos by combining heuristic rules with unsupervised fuzzy c-means algorithm. In Proceedings of International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision (ICARCV), 888–891
Ying Y, Lin S, Zhang Y, Tang S (2007) Highlights extraction in soccer videos based on goal-mouth detection. In Proceedings of 9th International Symposium on Signal Processing and Its Applications (ISSPA), 1–4
Zawbaa HM, EI-Bendary N, Hassanien AE, Kim T (2011) Machine learning-based soccer video summarization system. Multimedia, Computer Graphics and Broadcasting, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 263:19–28
Zhang YZ, Wang JY, Dai YW (2009) Soccer video shot segmentation based on self-adapting dual threshold and dominant color percentage. J Nanjing Univ Sci Technol (Nat Sci) 33(4):432–437
Acknowledgments
This work is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under Grant No. 61173114 and 61202300.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wang, Z., Yu, J., He, Y. et al. Affection arousal based highlight extraction for soccer video. Multimed Tools Appl 73, 519–546 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-013-1619-1
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-013-1619-1