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Anticancer activity of chicken cathelicidin peptides against different types of cancer

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Abstract

Background

This study served as the pioneer in studying the anti-cancer role of chicken cathelicidin peptides.

Methods and Results

Chicken cathelicidins were used as anticancer agent against the breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and human colon cancer cell line (HCT116). In addition, the mechanism of action of the interaction of cationic peptides with breast cancer cell line MCF-7 was also investigated. An in vivo investigation was also achieved to evaluate the role of chicken cathelicidin in Ehrlich ascites cell (EAC) suppression as a tumor model after subcutaneous implantation in mice. It was found during the study that exposure of cell lines to 40 µg/ml of chicken cathelicidin for 72 h reduced cell lines growth rate by 90–95%. These peptides demonstrated down-regulation of (cyclin A1 and cyclin D genes) of MCF-7 cells. The study showed that two- and three-fold expression of both of caspase-3 and − 7 genes in untreated MCF-7 cells compared to treated MCF-7 cells with chicken cathelicidin peptides. Our data showed that chicken (CATH-1) enhance releasing of TNFα, INF-γ and upregulation of granzyme K in treated mice groups, in parallel, the tumor size and volume was reduced in the treated EAC-bearing groups. Tumor of mice groups treated with chicken cathelicidin displayed high area of necrosis compared to untreated EAC-bearing mice. Based on histological analysis and immunohistochemical staining revealed that the tumor section in Ehrlich solid tumor exhibited a strong Bcl2 expression in untreated control compared to mice treated with 10 & 20 µg of cathelicidin. Interestingly, low expression of Bcl2 were observed in mice taken 40 µg/mL of CATH-1.

Conclusions

This study drive intention in treatment of cancer through the efficacy of anticancer efficacy of chicken cathelicidin peptides.

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Data Availability Statement

All data used in this study were granted in United States Patent and Trademark office under patent number (US 11179438B1).

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology for technical and financial support under grant no. (14-Bio883-03). The authors are solely responsible for the contents of this report. In addition, the authors thanks King Abdulaziz University, Science and technology unit (STU) for technical and financial support and where the research was achieved at its laboratories.

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King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Regerenative Medicine Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, 21589, Jeddah, SA, Saudi Arabia

    Maged Mostafa Mahmoud, Fadwa Aljoud & Abdulwahab Noorwali

  2. Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, KAU, 21589, Jeddah, SA, Saudi Arabia

    Maged Mostafa Mahmoud & Turki S. Abujamel

  3. Molecular Genetics and Enzymology Department, Human Genetics Division and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt

    Maged Mostafa Mahmoud

  4. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Modhi Alenezi & Abdulwahab Noorwali

  5. Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Northern Border University, 73221 Arar, Saudi Arabia

    Modhi Alenezi

  6. Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Ahmed M. Al-Hejin

  7. Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center (KFMRC), King Abdulaziz University (KAU), 21589, Jeddah, SA, Saudi Arabia

    Turki S. Abujamel

  8. Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, KAU, 21589, Jeddah, SA, Saudi Arabia

    Ibrahim A. Awad

  9. Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Mohammed Alkhaled

  10. Cell Biology Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt

    Haitham A. Yacoub

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  1. Maged Mostafa Mahmoud
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Contributions

H.A.Y. contributed to the study design, performed experiments, analyzed the data, and wrote the manuscript; M.A. and M.M.M. contributed to the data analysis and revised the manuscript; F.A. contributed to cell culture and RT-PCR analysis; A.M.A.-H., T.S.A., M.A. and A.N. provided in vivo experiments; M.A. performed flow cytometry analysis; I.A.A. provided Ultrasounds experiment, H.A.Y. contributed to gene expression studies; H.A.Y designed the study, supervised the experiments, and revised the manuscript. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Haitham A. Yacoub.

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the Ethics Committee of King Abdulaziz University (Reference No 325 − 19).

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All the authors declare no conflict of interest. All data used in this study were granted in United States Patent and Trademark office under Patent number (US 11179438B1). The manuscript has submitted as a preprint in Research Square platform under DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-447791/v1.

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Mahmoud, M.M., Alenezi, M., Al-Hejin, A.M. et al. Anticancer activity of chicken cathelicidin peptides against different types of cancer. Mol Biol Rep 49, 4321–4339 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-022-07267-7

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