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Increased phenolic acid and tanshinone production and transcriptional responses of biosynthetic genes in hairy root cultures of Salvia przewalskii Maxim. treated with methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid

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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to reveal the impact of the plant hormone salicylic acid (SA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on the growth, effective components accumulation, and related gene expression of the hairy root of Salvia przewalskii Maxim. Various concentrations of SA (0, 25, 50, 100, 200 μM) or MeJA (0, 50, 100, 200, 400, 600 μM) were added to the culture medium of Salvia przewalskii Maxim. Low concentrations of SA promoted the growth of hairy root, while a high concentration inhibited it. 0 to 400 μM MeJA promoted the growth of hairy root, but 600 μM MeJA starts to inhibit its growth. 50 μM SA and 400 μM MeJA significantly enhanced the production of caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid B, cryptotanshinone, and tanshinone IIA. In general, 50 μM SA can be used to accumulate of tanshinone in hairy roots of S. przewalskii with 6 days. 400 μM MeJA can be used to accumulate of phenolic acids in hairy roots of S. przewalskii with 3 days. The selected genes in the tanshinone and phenolic acid biosynthetic pathway were upregulated with elicitation. To obtain a higher yield and content of secondary metabolites, it is advisable to use 50 μM SA or 400 μM MeJA as the optimal doses to cultivate the hairy root of S. przewalskii. This study provides, for the first time, an efficient tanshinone and phenolic acid production method for S. przewalskii.

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Abbreviations

SA:

Salicylic acid

MeJA:

Methyl jasmonate

FW:

Fresh weight

DW:

Dry weight

PAL :

Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase

TAT :

Tyrosine aminotransferase

HPPR :

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate reductase

4CL1 :

4-Coumaric acid CoA-ligase 1

RAS :

Rosmarinic acid synthase

CYP98A14 :

Acytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenase

HMGR :

3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase

DXR :

1-Deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase

DXS :

1-Deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase

IPPI :

Isopentenyl-diphosphate delta-isomerase

GGPPS :

Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase

CPS :

Copalyl diphosphate synthase

KSL :

Entkaurene synthase like

qRT-PCR:

Real-time quantitative PCR

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by: (1) Subject Innovation Team of Quality Control and Resources Development of “Qin drug” of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine (2019-QN01). (2) Subject of Standardization construction of the Tussilago farfara L.(202410001). (3) Subject of Study on Breeding of Excellent Varieties and Quality Control Techniques of Polygala tenuifolia Willd (201330001). (4) Special Project for Construction of Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System (CARS-21). (5) Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Shaanxi Provincial Government (18JK0214).

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  1. Jie Li and Bo Li contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China

    Jie Li, Lu Luo, Fulin Cao, Bingyue Yang, Jing Gao, Yonggang Yan, Gang Zhang, Liang Peng & Benxiang Hu

  2. Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712083, China

    Bo Li

  3. State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Xianyang, 712083, China

    Bo Li

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  1. Jie Li
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Correspondence to Liang Peng or Benxiang Hu.

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Li, J., Li, B., Luo, L. et al. Increased phenolic acid and tanshinone production and transcriptional responses of biosynthetic genes in hairy root cultures of Salvia przewalskii Maxim. treated with methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid. Mol Biol Rep 47, 8565–8578 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-05899-1

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