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Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of a yak (Bos grunniens) κ-casein cDNA from lactating mammary gland

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Abstract

κ-Casein is one of the major proteins in the milk of mammals. It plays an important role in determining the size and specific function of milk micelles. We have previously identified and characterized a genetic variant of yak κ-casein by evaluating genomic DNA. Here, we isolate and characterize a yak κ-casein cDNA harboring the full-length open reading frame (ORF) from lactating mammary gland. Total RNA was extracted from mammary tissue of lactating female yak, and the κ-casein cDNA were synthesized by RT-PCR technique, then cloned and sequenced. The obtained cDNA of 660-bp contained an ORF sufficient to encode the entire amino acid sequence of κ-casein precursor protein consisting of 190 amino acids with a signal peptide of 21 amino acids. Yak κ-casein has a predicted molecular mass of 19,006.588 Da with a calculated isoelectric point of 7.245. Compared with the corresponding sequences in GenBank of cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat, Arabian camel, horse, and rabbit, yak κ-casein sequence had identity of 64.76–98.78% in cDNA, and identity of 44.79–98.42% and similarity of 53.65–98.42% in deduced amino acids, revealing a high homology with the other livestock species. Based on κ-casein cDNA sequences, the phylogenetic analysis indicated that yak κ-casein had a close relationship with that of cattle. This work might be useful in the genetic engineering researches for yak κ-casein.

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Acknowledgment

We thank Dr. R.L. Yin from Research Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine Sciences of Jilin Province (Changchun, China) for technical assistances. We also thank the anonymous reviewers for substantial suggestions in improving this article. This work was supported by a grant from Genetically Modified Organisms Breeding Major Projects of China (No. 2009ZX08009-156B).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China

    W. L. Bai, R. H. Yin, W. Q. Jiang & G. B. Luo

  2. College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China

    W. L. Bai & Z. H. Zhao

  3. College of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China

    Q. L. Dou

  4. Institute of Biotechnology, Animal Science Research Academy of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610066, China

    S. J. Zhao

  5. Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China

    Z. J. Ma

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  1. W. L. Bai
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Correspondence to G. B. Luo or Z. H. Zhao.

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Bai, W.L., Yin, R.H., Dou, Q.L. et al. Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of a yak (Bos grunniens) κ-casein cDNA from lactating mammary gland. Mol Biol Rep 38, 2711–2718 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-010-0414-6

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