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The complete mitogenome and phylogenetic analysis of Bombyx mandarina strain Qingzhou

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Abstract

The complete nucleotide sequence of the mitogenome of Bombyx mandarina strain Qingzhou was determined. The circular genome is 15,717 bp long and has the typical gene organization and order of lepidopteran mitogenomes. All protein-coding sequences are initiated with a typical ATN codon, except the COI gene, which has a 4-bp TTAG putative initiator codon. Eleven of the 13 protein-coding gene have a complete termination codon (all TAA), but the remaining two genes terminate with incomplete codons. All transfer RNAs (tRNAs) have a clover-leaf structure typical of the mitochondrial tRNAs, and some of them have a mismatch in the four-stem-and-loop structure. The length of the A + T rich region of B. mandarina strain Qingzhou is 495 bp, shorter than that of B. mandarina strain Tsukuba (747 bp) but similar to that of Bombyx mori. Phylogenetic analysis based on the whole mitochondrial genome sequences of the available sequenced species (B. mori strains C-108, Aojuku, Backokjam, and Xiafang, B. mandarina strains Tsukuba, Ankang, and Qingzhou, and Antheraea pernyi) shows the origin of the domesticated silkmoth B. mori to be the Chinese B. mandarina. Nuclear mitochondrial pseudogene sequences were detected in the nuclear genome of B. mori with the MEGA BLAST search program. A phylogenetic analysis of these nuclear mitochondrial pseudogene sequences suggests that B. mori was domesticated independently in different areas and periods.

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Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30571404, 30671590), the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program, 2006AA10A119), and the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, 2005CB121000).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Medical College of Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, China

    Xiao-long Hu, Guang-li Cao, Ren-yu Xue, Xiao-jian Zheng, Xing Zhang, Hai-rong Duan & Cheng-liang Gong

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  1. Xiao-long Hu
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Correspondence to Cheng-liang Gong.

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Xiao-long Hu and Guang-li Cao contributed equally to this work.

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Hu, Xl., Cao, Gl., Xue, Ry. et al. The complete mitogenome and phylogenetic analysis of Bombyx mandarina strain Qingzhou. Mol Biol Rep 37, 2599–2608 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-009-9781-2

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