Abstract
Apple cultivars and breeding lines that represent much of the diversity currently present in major European breeding programmes and are genetically related by their pedigree were examined for the trueness of their identity and parentage by consistency in marker scores using a genome-covering set of 80 microsatellite (SSR) markers and an ‘identity-by-descent’ approach. One hundred and twenty-five individuals were validated for the trueness-to-type of both their parents and 49 were validated for one of their parents, their second being unknown (23 individuals) or not available in this study (26 individuals). In addition, 15 individuals for which we lacked one of or both the direct parents were validated by consistency with tested parents of earlier generations. Furthermore, the identity of 28 founder cultivars was validated, their marker scores being consistent with descending cultivars and breeding lines. Four of the eight triploids identified were clearly shown to have arisen from unreduced egg cells. The assumed pedigree of 15 further individuals was found to be incorrect; fully consistent pedigrees were suggested for three of the cultivars. The pedigrees of a further eight individuals were confirmed through inference from the molecular data.
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Acknowledgments
Charles Simon of the USDA-ARS of the Plant Genetic Resources Unit, Geneva is acknowledged for supplying leaf samples of PR14-126, PR14-152 and Starr, and Stefano Tartarini of the University of Bologna and Margaret Korbin of RIPF for supplying DNA of all other cultivars and breeding lines not cited in the tables. This publication was carried out with the financial support from the Commission of the European Communities (contract no. QLK5-CT-2002-01492), Directorate-General Research—Quality of Life and Management of Living Resources Programme. It does not necessarily reflect the Commission’s views and in no way anticipates its future policy in this area. Its content is the sole responsibility of the publishers.
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Evans, K.M., Patocchi, A., Rezzonico, F. et al. Genotyping of pedigreed apple breeding material with a genome-covering set of SSRs: trueness-to-type of cultivars and their parentages. Mol Breeding 28, 535–547 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-010-9502-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-010-9502-5