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The relationship between uric acid and brain health from observational studies

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Abstract

This study conducts a systematic literature review and meta-analysis regarding the potential influence of serum uric acid levels on cerebral small vessel diseases and the cognitive status in the prodromal stages of dementia. We identified four different cerebral small vessel diseases and three specific domains of cognitive performance to be considered in the literature search. The analysis contained 14 studies (13 cross-sectional design and one longitudinal design) with 11,502 participants measuring the relationship between uric acid and cerebral small vessel disease. In both continuous and categorical analyses, significant associations were found between hyperuricemia and cerebral small vessel diseases (continuous data: pooled OR: 1.00, 95%CI: 1.00–1.01 and categorical data: pooled OR: 1.42, 95%CI: 1.15–1.75). For the relationship between uric acid and cognitive performance, 19 studies with 49,901 participants were considered, including eight cohort studies, and 11 cross-sectional studies. The cross-sectional data showed that a marginal relationship existed between uric acid and global cognition (β: 0.00, 95%CI: -0.01–0.00). The pooled analysis of cohort studies indicated that higher uric acid had a deleterious effect on attention and executive function (continuous data: β: -0.02, 95%CI: -0.04–0.00 and categorical data: β: -0.03, 95%CI: -0.07–0.00). Conclusion: Our study indicated that a higher level of uric acid had an adverse effect on brain health. Furthermore, a high level of uric acid is related to cognitive decline in attention and executive function, which may exist a long time before the diagnosis of dementia.

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All data used in the current analysis were obtained directly from the published studies.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82070851, 81870556), Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospital's Youth Program (QML20170204), Excellent Talents in Dongcheng District of Beijing.

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  1. Xingyao Tang and Zhi-Hui Song contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

    Xingyao Tang

  2. Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

    Zhi-Hui Song

  3. Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No1. Dongjiaomingxiang, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100073, China

    Jian-Bo Zhou

  4. Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

    Marly Augusto Cardoso

  5. Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron. Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR). Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de La Vall d’Hebron, 119, 08035, Barcelona, Spain

    Rafael Simó

  6. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes Y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain

    Rafael Simó

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Xingyao Tang and Jian-Bo Zhou designed the subject and plan of this study; Zhi-Hui Song, and Marly Augusto Cardoso participated in data analysis, and drafting the manuscript. Rafael Simó revised this manuscript. All authors whose names emerge on the submission approved the version to be published.

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Tang, X., Song, ZH., Cardoso, M.A. et al. The relationship between uric acid and brain health from observational studies. Metab Brain Dis 37, 1989–2003 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-022-01016-2

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