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Advanced glycation end products delay corneal epithelial wound healing through reactive oxygen species generation

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Abstract

Delayed healing of corneal epithelial wounds is a serious complication in diabetes. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are intimately associated with the diabetic complications and are deleterious to the wound healing process. However, the effect of AGEs on corneal epithelial wound healing has not yet been evaluated. In the present study, we investigated the effect of AGE-modified bovine serum albumin (BSA) on corneal epithelial wound healing and its underlying mechanisms. Our data showed that AGE-BSA significantly increased the generation of intracellular ROS in telomerase-immortalized human corneal epithelial cells. However, the generation of intracellular ROS was completely inhibited by antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC), anti-receptor of AGEs (RAGE) antibodies, or the inhibitor of NADPH oxidase. Moreover, AGE-BSA increased NADPH oxidase activity and protein expression of NADPH oxidase subunits, p22phox and Nox4, but anti-RAGE antibodies eliminated these effects. Furthermore, prevention of intracellular ROS generation using NAC or anti-RAGE antibodies rescued AGE-BSA-delayed epithelial wound healing in porcine corneal organ culture. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that AGE-BSA impaired corneal epithelial wound healing ex vivo. AGE-BSA increased intracellular ROS generation through NADPH oxidase activation, which accounted for the delayed corneal epithelial wound healing. These results may provide better insights for understanding the mechanism of delayed healing of corneal epithelial wounds in diabetes.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Dr. Edward C. Mignot at the University of Shandong for linguistic advice. This work was supported by the Education Ministry Fund of China (No. 20070422081) and the Graduate Independent Innovation Foundation of Shandong University (No. 21300072613147).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China

    Long Shi, Hongmei Chen, Xiaoming Yu & Xinyi Wu

  2. The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China

    Long Shi & Xiaoming Yu

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  1. Long Shi
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  2. Hongmei Chen
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Correspondence to Xinyi Wu.

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Long Shi and Hongmei Chen contributed equally to this work.

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Shi, L., Chen, H., Yu, X. et al. Advanced glycation end products delay corneal epithelial wound healing through reactive oxygen species generation. Mol Cell Biochem 383, 253–259 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-013-1773-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-013-1773-9

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