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Periods of systemic partial hypoxia induces apoptosis and inflammation in rat skeletal muscle

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Abstract

Critical illness myopathy (CIM) causes significant morbidity. In this study, we investigated the effect of repeated mild hypoxia on the skeletal muscle inflammation. Sprague–Dawley rats anesthetized with 2% inhaled isoflurane were divided into two groups (n = 6 each), normoxia and hypoxia (12.5% for 12 min followed by 35% for 12 min, at which point the cycle was repeated for three times). We measured the tissue oxygen tension and perfusion (simultaneously) in hind limb skeletal muscle. Inflammation in skeletal muscle was assessed by light microcopy (Hematoxylin-Eosin staining) and apoptosis (Fluorescein-FragEL DNA fragmentation detection) and expressed as percent normoxia. Compared to the control group, hypoxia significantly (P < 0.001) altered histomorphometrics. Similarly, DNA fragmentation analysis revealed that hypoxia significantly (P < 0.001) induced apoptosis. We conclude that after a mild but repeated hypoxic insult there is marked histological alterations and induced apoptosis in skeletal muscle. We postulate that variable periods of hypoxia in the critically ill may be playing a role in the etiology of CIM.

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Author notes

  1. Natarajan Aravindan

    Present address: Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA

  2. Sheeja Aravindan

    Present address: Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA

  3. Andrew D. Shaw

    Present address: Division of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Critical Care, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA

    Natarajan Aravindan & Andrew D. Shaw

  2. Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA

    Sheeja Aravindan

  3. Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA

    Karthigayan Shanmugasundaram

  4. Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, The University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, 825 North East 10th Street, OUPB 1430, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA

    Natarajan Aravindan

Authors
  1. Natarajan Aravindan
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  2. Sheeja Aravindan
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  3. Karthigayan Shanmugasundaram
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  4. Andrew D. Shaw
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Correspondence to Natarajan Aravindan.

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Aravindan, N., Aravindan, S., Shanmugasundaram, K. et al. Periods of systemic partial hypoxia induces apoptosis and inflammation in rat skeletal muscle. Mol Cell Biochem 302, 51–58 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-007-9424-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-007-9424-7

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