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Physical Activity During Pregnancy: Predictors of Change, Perceived Support and Barriers Among Women at Increased Risk of Gestational Diabetes

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the predictors of change in intensity-specific leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) during pregnancy, and the perceived support and barriers of LTPA in Finnish pregnant women at increased risk of gestational diabetes. The study population consisted of 399 pregnant women who participated in a randomized controlled trial aiming to prevent gestational diabetes. Evaluation of LTPA was based on a self-report at baseline, 26–28, and 36–37 weeks’ gestation. Data on predictors of change, perceived support and barriers were collected with questionnaires and from the maternity cards. Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess associations between the variables. The average weekly minutes of light-intensity LTPA were 179 at baseline, 161 at 26–28 weeks’ gestation, and 179 at 36–37 weeks’ gestation. The corresponding minutes of moderate-to-vigorous-intensity LTPA were 187, 133 and 99. At 26–28 weeks’ gestation, the strongest predictors for light-intensity LTPA were meeting the PA recommendations prior to pregnancy, having polytechnic education and working part-time, while having a physically active spouse prior to pregnancy was the strongest predictor for moderate-to-vigorous-intensity LTPA. The people and/or factors that encouraged women to LTPA the most were the spouse, a child, other family members and weather, whereas tiredness, nausea, perceived health, work and lack of time restricted their LTPA the most. The strongest predictors for maintaining LTPA during pregnancy were pre-pregnancy LTPA, education, working part-time and a spouse’s LTPA. Most common barriers were perceived health, work and lack of time.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland

    Marja Leppänen & Urho M. Kujala

  2. The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, P.O. Box 30, 33501, Tampere, Finland

    Minna Aittasalo, Jani Raitanen & Riitta Luoto

  3. School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland

    Jani Raitanen & Tarja I. Kinnunen

  4. National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

    Riitta Luoto

Authors
  1. Marja Leppänen
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  2. Minna Aittasalo
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  3. Jani Raitanen
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  4. Tarja I. Kinnunen
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  5. Urho M. Kujala
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  6. Riitta Luoto
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Correspondence to Marja Leppänen.

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Leppänen, M., Aittasalo, M., Raitanen, J. et al. Physical Activity During Pregnancy: Predictors of Change, Perceived Support and Barriers Among Women at Increased Risk of Gestational Diabetes. Matern Child Health J 18, 2158–2166 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-014-1464-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-014-1464-5

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