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A Secondary Analysis of Race/Ethnicity and other Maternal Factors Affecting Adverse Birth Outcomes in San Bernardino County

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Abstract

Objectives Though it is the largest county in the lower United States, minimal attention has been given to the elevated rates of poor perinatal outcomes and infant mortality in San Bernardino County. This study sought to analyze adverse birth outcomes such as low birth weight, and infant mortality as an outcome of specific proxy maternal sociodemographic factors. Methods Data from the California Department of Health Services Office of Vital Statistics birth cohort of mothers delivering between 1999 and 2001 (N = 1,590,876 participants) were analyzed. Of those, 5.5% (n = 86,736) were births in San Bernardino County. Low birth weight, very low birth weight, death in infants less than one year of age, and other maternal sociodemographic factors were explored. All events of low birth weight and deaths among infants less than one year of age were used as significant variables in statistical models. Results Black mothers experienced more than twice the rate of very low birth weight (3.89) than their White counterparts (1.39). The most significant contributors to adverse birth outcomes among Black women were length of gestation and maternal education, whereas the most significant predictor of infant mortality was birth weight. Conclusions This study demonstrates that traditional risk factors such as length of gestation and maternal age only partially explain adverse birth outcomes. These findings highlight the need to advocate for the systematic collection of data on maternal education and length gestation and for the promotion of public health initiatives that address these inequities in our most vulnerable of populations.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the contributions and advisement of Angelica Herrera, DrPH of the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Center for Research in Minority Health in Houston, TX. The authors would like to acknowledge Nirmala Nataraj for all her thoughtful recommendations. The authors would also like to express gratitude to Namgyal Kyulo, DrPHc for his invaluable assistance with data analysis and statistical recommendations, and Kathie Pelletier, PhDc. In addition, we would like to acknowledge the San Bernardino County Department of Public Health for supporting this effort.

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  1. Department of Health Promotion and Education, Center for Health Research, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA

    Rebecca D. Nanyonjo, Susanne B. Montgomery, Naomi Modeste & Edward Fujimoto

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  1. Rebecca D. Nanyonjo
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  2. Susanne B. Montgomery
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  3. Naomi Modeste
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  4. Edward Fujimoto
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Correspondence to Rebecca D. Nanyonjo.

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Nanyonjo, R.D., Montgomery, S.B., Modeste, N. et al. A Secondary Analysis of Race/Ethnicity and other Maternal Factors Affecting Adverse Birth Outcomes in San Bernardino County. Matern Child Health J 12, 435–441 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-007-0260-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-007-0260-x

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