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Trypsin Hydrolysed Protein Fractions as Radical Scavengers and Anti-bacterial Agents from Ficus deltoidea

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Abstract

Different molecular sizes of protein hydrolysates were prepared from the crude protein extract of Ficus deltoidea using the technique of membrane ultrafiltration after trypsin hydrolysis. Gel electrophoretic images shows the presence of 12, 8, 7 and 7 protein bands for the protein fractions prepared from the molecular weight cut-off of 3, 10, 30 and 100 kDa, respectively. The protein hydrolysates were found to have higher radical scavenging activity than those unhydrolysed fractions at the similar molecular size. They exhibited significant differences in the radical scavenging activities based on one-way analysis of variance, except for the protein hydrolysates of 30 and 100 kDa. The smallest protein hydrolysates, 3 kDa appeared to have the comparable activity (30%) with bovine serum albumin as a positive control in this study. Similarly, the 3 kDa protein hydrolysates achieved the highest inhibitory activity (87.5%) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa at the concentration of 128 µg/mL. The protein hydrolysates were found to be more effective against gram negative bacteria (P. aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) because of lower minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and effective inhibitory concentration at 50% (EC50) than gram positive bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus). Trypsin catalysed hydrolysis seemed to improve the anti-bacterial activity of protein hydrolysates in a bacterial strain dependent manner. The MIC could achieve 1–55 µg/mL at different molecular sizes of protein fractions. Mass spectra matching revealed that 26% of 226 identified proteins belonged to the category of plant defensive proteins in stress management and metal handling.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by the Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia under the Exploratory Research Grant Scheme (4L114) and Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (4J263).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Metabolites Profiling Laboratory, Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Skudai, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

    Farah Izana Abdullah & Lee Suan Chua

  2. Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Skudai, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

    Farah Izana Abdullah & Lee Suan Chua

  3. Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, Faculty of Biosciences & Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Skudai, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

    Zaidah Rahmat

  4. Division of Biochemical Technology, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, 49 Soi Thian Thale 25, Bang Khun Thian Chai Thale Road, Tha Kham, Bang Khun Thian, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand

    Nitnipa Soontorngun & Pichayada Somboon

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  1. Farah Izana Abdullah
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  2. Lee Suan Chua
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Correspondence to Lee Suan Chua.

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Abdullah FI declares that she has no conflict of interest. Chua LS declares that she has no conflict of interest. Rahmat Z declares that she has no conflict of interest. Soontorngun N declares that she has no conflict of interest. Somboon P declares that she has no conflict of interest.

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Abdullah, F.I., Chua, L.S., Rahmat, Z. et al. Trypsin Hydrolysed Protein Fractions as Radical Scavengers and Anti-bacterial Agents from Ficus deltoidea . Int J Pept Res Ther 24, 279–290 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10989-017-9613-5

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