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Spatial patterns of cultural ecosystem services provision in Southern Patagonia

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Abstract

Context

Although there is a need to develop a spatially explicit methodological approach that addresses the social importance of cultural ecosystem services for regional planning, few studies have analysed the spatial distribution on the cultural ecosystem services based on social perceptions.

Objective

The main objective of this study was to identify cultural ecosystem service hot-spots, and factors that characterize such hot-spots and define the spatial associations between cultural ecosystem services in Southern Patagonia (Argentina).

Methods

The study was carried out in Southern Patagonia (243.9 thousand km2) located between 46° and 55° SL with the Andes mountains on the western fringe and the Atlantic Ocean on the eastern fringe of the study area. The study region has a range of different vegetation types (grasslands, shrub-lands, peat-lands and forests) though the cold arid steppe is the main vegetation type. We used geo-tagged digital images that local people and visitors posted in the Panoramio web platform to identify hot-spots of four cultural ecosystem services (aesthetic value, existence value, recreation and local identity) and relate these hot-spots with social and biophysical landscape features.

Results

Aesthetic value was the main cultural service tagged by people, followed by the existence value for biodiversity conservation, followed by local identity and then recreational activity. The spatial distribution of these cultural ecosystem services are associated with different social and biophysical characteristics, such as the presence of water bodies, vegetation types, marine and terrestrial fauna, protected areas, urbanization, accessibility and tourism offer. The most important factors are the presence of water in Santa Cruz and tourism offer in Tierra del Fuego.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrate that this methodology is useful for assessing cultural ecosystem services at the regional scale, especially in areas with low data availability and field accessibility, such as Southern Patagonia. We also identify new research challenges that can be addressed in cultural ecosystem services research through the use of this method.

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Acknowledgments

We thank to Santiago Sosa Lovato for laboratory work, Breton Ladd for the English review, and reviewers and assigned editor for their suggestions that have significantly improved the paper. This research was supported by ‘Operationalisation of ecosystem services and natural capital: From concepts to real-world applications’ (OpenNESS) project financed under the European Commission’s Seventh Framework Programme (Project Number 308428). MGL was funded by a  grant from the Spanish National Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (INIA) for PhD researchers which is co-funded by the Social European Fund.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Houssay 200, 9410, Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina

    Guillermo Martínez Pastur & María V. Lencinas

  2. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral (UNPA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CC 332, 9400, Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz, Argentina

    Pablo L. Peri

  3. Social-Ecological Systems Laboratory, Department of Ecology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c. Darwin, 2, Edificio de Biología, 28049, Madrid, Spain

    Marina García-Llorente

  4. Applied Research and Agricultural Extension Dept., Madrid Institute for Rural, Agricultural and Food Research and Development (IMIDRA), Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona (N-II), KM. 38.200, 28802, Alcala De Henares, Madrid, Spain

    Marina García-Llorente

  5. Social-Ecological Systems Laboratory, Department of Ecology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c. Darwin, 2, 28049, Madrid, Spain

    Berta Martín-López

  6. Environmental Change Institute, Oxford University, Oxford, UK

    Berta Martín-López

Authors
  1. Guillermo Martínez Pastur
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  2. Pablo L. Peri
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  3. María V. Lencinas
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  4. Marina García-Llorente
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  5. Berta Martín-López
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Correspondence to Berta Martín-López.

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Martínez Pastur, G., Peri, P.L., Lencinas, M.V. et al. Spatial patterns of cultural ecosystem services provision in Southern Patagonia. Landscape Ecol 31, 383–399 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-015-0254-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-015-0254-9

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