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Approaches for modelling of industrial energy systems: correlation of heat transfer characteristics between magnetohydrodynamics hybrid nanofluids and performance analysis of industrial length-scale heat exchanger

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Abstract

Numerical analysis is carried out on heat transfer performance of industrial-length double-tube heat exchanger, by using hybrid nanofluid as a coolant with the effect of external magnetic field. The double-tube heat exchanger contains two tubes, namely inner and outer, and has lengths of 1.39 m and 1.03 m, respectively. The hot oil passes into the outer tube, and the coolant (hybrid nanofluid) passes into the inner tube. Two types of hybrid nanofluids are used for this investigation: (a) CNT-Al2O3/water and (b) CNT-Fe3O4/water. Volume fraction and Reynolds number are considered as 0.1% to 0.5% and 800 to 2400, respectively. This study is carried out with mixture model wherein the equations are solved with control volume approach combined with second-order upwind scheme. Results indicate that Nusselt number is found higher for CNT-Fe3O4/water hybrid nanofluid in the presence of magnetic field. On using hybrid nanofluid, higher thermal efficiency and better performance index of heat exchanger are achieved. The effectiveness increased nearly ~ 30% at higher Reynolds number with Ha = 20. About 40% better performance index is achieved at lower Reynolds number for CNT-Fe3O4/water when compared with CNT-Al2O3/water hybrid nanofluid. Increment in thermal efficiency of heat exchanger is improved almost 30% by increasing the Reynolds number.

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Abbreviations

Cp:

Heat capacity (J kg−1 K−1)

D :

Diameter (m)

g :

Gravity (m s−2)

h :

Heat transfer coefficient (W m−2 K−1)

K :

Thermal conductivity (W m−1 K−1)

l :

Length (m)

n :

Shape factor (−)

Nu:

Nusselt number (−)

q :

Heat transfer rate (W)

Re:

Reynolds number (−)

T :

Temperature (°C (or) K)

u,v,w :

Velocity components (m s−1)

U :

Overall heat transfer coefficient (W m−2 K−1)

VG:

Viscosity grade (−)

∆p :

Pressure drop (Pa)

∆T :

Temperature difference (K)

bf:

Base fluid

f :

Fluid

hnf:

Hybrid nanofluid

in:

Inlet

nf :

Nanofluid

p :

Secondary phase

s :

Nanoparticle (solid particle)

w :

Wall

\(\rho\) :

Density (kg m−3)

\(\gamma\) :

Kinematic viscosity (m2 s−1)

λ :

Mean free path (−)

\(\beta\) :

Thermal expansion coefficient (K−1)

\(\alpha\) :

Thermal diffusivity (m2 s−1)

\(\varphi\) :

Volume concentration (%)

\(\mu\) :

Viscosity (kg m−1 s−1)

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Acknowledgements

We highly acknowledge the Management of Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College, Coimbatore, India. This research work is funded by Department of science and Technology-WOS (A) (SR/WOSA/PM-86/2017). Also this work is partly supported by Government of India-DST INSPIRE project 04/2013/000209.

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  1. K. Loganathan

    Present address: Department of Mathematics, Erode Arts and Science College, Erode, Tamilnadu, 638009, India

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College, Vattamalaipalayam, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, 641022, India

    S. Anitha & M. Pichumani

  2. Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, 641021, India

    K. Loganathan

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Anitha, S., Loganathan, K. & Pichumani, M. Approaches for modelling of industrial energy systems: correlation of heat transfer characteristics between magnetohydrodynamics hybrid nanofluids and performance analysis of industrial length-scale heat exchanger. J Therm Anal Calorim 144, 1783–1798 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-020-10072-8

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