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ANN modelling and experimental investigation on effective thermal conductivity of ethylene glycol:water nanofluids

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Abstract

In this study, ethylene glycol (EG)–water (35:65 %v)-based nanofluids have been prepared to study enhancement in thermal conductivity. Nanofluids containing nanoparticles of materials CuO, Al2O3 and TiO2 of different mass concentrations from 0.2 to 2% were prepared using ultrasonication. Thermal conductivity measurement was carried using KD2 Pro thermal properties analyser in the temperature range of 30–60 °C. The study investigated the effect of concentration of nanoparticles, temperature and nanoparticle material on effective thermal conductivity of nanofluids. The results showed a significant improvement in effective thermal conductivity due to the addition of nanoparticles to the base fluid. Correlations were developed for predicting the effective thermal conductivity considering each material separately, and a generalized correlation considering the three materials. Subsequently, ANN modelling was carried out for predicting the effective thermal conductivity of nanofluids and compared with developed correlations. The modelling work carried out in this study is more generalized as literature results were considered in addition to the results from the present study. ANN modelling predicts the effective thermal conductivity better than the proposed correlations.

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Abbreviations

C p :

Specific heat (kJ kg−1 K)

k :

Thermal conductivity (W m−1 K−1)

T :

Temperature (K)

m :

Mass of nanoparticles

cP:

Centi poise

EG:W:

Ethylene glycol and water mixture

DI:

Distilled water

ANN:

Artificial neural network

FF:

Feed forwards

MAD:

Mean average deviation

MSE:

Mean square error

MAPE:

Mean absolute percentage error

ASHRAE:

American Society for Heating Ventilation and Air-Conditioning Engineers

ρ :

Density (kg m−3)

µ :

Viscosity (cP)

ϕ m :

Mass fraction

\(\emptyset_{\text{v}}\) :

Volume fraction

nf:

Nanofluid

eff:

Effective

bf:

Base fluid

np:

Nanoparticles

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Acknowledgements

The financial support by Aeronautical Research and Development (AR&DB) under Grant No. of ARDB/01/2031857/M/I is gratefully acknowledged.

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  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, Telangana, 506004, India

    K. Marigowda Yashawantha & A. Venu Vinod

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  1. K. Marigowda Yashawantha
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Correspondence to A. Venu Vinod.

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Yashawantha, K.M., Vinod, A.V. ANN modelling and experimental investigation on effective thermal conductivity of ethylene glycol:water nanofluids. J Therm Anal Calorim 145, 609–630 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-020-09756-y

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