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Thermal decomposition and kinetics of residual rubber seed cake and shell

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Abstract

Solid wastes generated during biodiesel production process can be utilized to produce liquid fuel and biochar. Physicochemical properties and non-isothermal decomposition kinetics of rubber seed cake (RSC) and rubber seed shell (RSS) were investigated through proximate analysis, ultimate analysis and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). The TG experiments were conducted in the range of 30–800 °C under nitrogen atmosphere at heating rates of 2, 5 and 10 °C min−1. Active pyrolysis zones of RSC and RSS were broadly observed in three and two stages, respectively. The entire thermal decomposition of RSC (175–589 °C) occurred in wider temperature window compared to RSS (265.2–530 °C). The residual mass and ash content were higher in RSC sample. Model-free kinetic analysis of TG data was performed using various methods. The single value of activation energy obtained by the IKP method was found to be in good agreement with the average values of isoconversional methods. The calorific value of the RSC was found to be slightly higher than that of RSS. The current investigation suggests that both RSC and RSS can be used as feedstock materials for bio-oil and biochar production through pyrolysis process.

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Abbreviations

A :

Pre-exponential factor (min−1)

E :

Activation energy (kJ mol−1)

f(α):

Temperature-independent function of conversion or the reaction model

k :

Rate constant

n :

Order of reaction model

R :

Gas constant (8.314 J mol−1 K−1)

R 2 :

Correlation coefficient

t :

Time (min)

T o :

Initial temperature for the main mass loss (°C)

T f :

Final temperature for the main mass loss (°C)

T p or T max :

Temperature for maximum rate of mass loss (°C)

T 50 :

Temperature at which 50% mass loss of sample (°C)

w A :

Mass of ash obtained after 3 h at 575 °C (g)

w c :

Mass of empty dried crucible after heated for 3 h at 105 °C

w f :

Mass of residue obtained after 7 min at 950 °C (g)

w fr :

Mass of moisture-free sample (g) after heated for 16 h at 105 °C

w o :

Mass of raw sample (g)

w OD :

Mass of oven-dried sample (free MC) (g)

mass%:

Mass loss (%) or mass (%)

mass%f :

Mass loss at end of active pyrolysis (%)

mass%t :

Mass loss at time t (%)

α :

Conversion of biomass (mass %)

β :

Heating rate (°C min−1)

i :

Conversion

j :

Heating rate

k :

Conversion function

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Acknowledgements

Authors would like to acknowledge the Center for Energy at Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG) for providing the bomb calorimeter instruments to conduct the sample analyses.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India

    Ali Shemsedin Reshad, Pankaj Tiwari & Vaibhav V. Goud

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  1. Ali Shemsedin Reshad
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  2. Pankaj Tiwari
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  3. Vaibhav V. Goud
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Correspondence to Pankaj Tiwari or Vaibhav V. Goud.

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Reshad, A.S., Tiwari, P. & Goud, V.V. Thermal decomposition and kinetics of residual rubber seed cake and shell. J Therm Anal Calorim 129, 577–592 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-017-6136-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-017-6136-4

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