Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Application of stepwise isothermal analysis method in the kinetic study of reduction of basic oxygen furnace dust

  • Published:
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Basic oxygen furnace (BOF) dust is a by-product of steel plants that is rich in iron oxide. Reduction of this by-product may provide reutilization alternatives in steel industry. In this context, kinetic study was conducted using BOF dust pellets applying the forced stepwise isothermal analysis method. This work examines the reduction of BOF dust pellets using a mixture between hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Mass loss of 26 % was obtained after reduction of the BOF. Carbon oxide present in the reducing gas led to the formation of a carbon layer around the pellet between 550 and 650 °C. At higher temperatures, from 700 to 850 °C, it was observed that reduction was controlled by porous diffusion. In the range 900–1,000 °C, the control mechanism was determined as reactive species diffusion through metallic alloy lattice in individual particles.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Szekely J. A research program for the minimization and effective utilization of steel plant wastes. Iron Steelmak. 1995;22:25–9.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Nyirenda RL. The processing of steelmaking flue-dust: a review. Miner Eng. 1991;7–11:1003–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Mikhail SA, Turcotte AM. Thermal reduction of steel-making secondary materials I. Basic-oxygen-furnace dust. Thermochim Acta. 1998;311:113–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Kelebek S, Yörük S, Davis B. Characterization of basic oxygen furnace dust and zinc removal by acid leaching. Miner Eng. 2004;17:285–91.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Evestedt M, Medvedev A. Model-based slopping warning in the LD steel converter process. J Process Control. 2009;19:1000–10.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Hay SM, Rankin WJ. Recovery of iron and zinc from blast furnace and basic oxygen furnace dusts: a thermodynamic evaluation. Miner Eng. 1994;7:985–1001.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Scheele JV, Johansson M. XYFINES a new technology for in-plant recycling of dust and sludge in metal production industries, Recycling and waste treatment in mineral and metal processing. Tech Econ Asp. 2002;1:109–18.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Makkonen HT, Heino J, Laitila L, Hiltunen A, Pöyliö E, Härkki J. Optimisation of steel plant recycling in Finland: dusts, scales and sludge. Resour Conserv Recycl. 2002;35:77–84.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Atkins P, De Paula J. Physical chemistry. 8th ed. New York: W. H. Freeman and Company; 2006.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Sorensen OT. Quasi-isothermal Methods in thermal analysis. Thermoch Acta. 1981;50:163–75.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Husum PL, Sorensen OT. Computer controlled forced stepwise isothermal analysis. Thermochim Acta. 1987;114:131–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Sorensen OT. Thermogravimetric and dilatometric studies using stepwise isothermal analysis and related techniques. J Therm Anal. 1992;38:213–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Gotor FJ, Maqueda LAP, Ortega A, Criado JM. Kinetic analysis of solid state reactions by means of stepwise analysis isothermal (SIA) and constant rate thermal analysis (CRTA). A comparative study. J Therm Anal Calorim. 1998;53:389–96.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Srinivasan NS. Reduction of iron oxides by carbon in a circulating fluidized bed reactor. Powder Technol. 2002;124:28–39.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Viswanath RP, Viswanathan B. Kinetics and mechanism of reduction of ferric oxides by hydrogen. Trans JIM. 1977;18:149–54.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Valipour MS, Hashemi MYM, Saboohi Y. Mathematical modeling of the reaction in an iron ore pellet using a mixture of hydrogen, water vapor, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide: an isothermal study. Adv Powder Technol. 2006;17:277–95.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. El-Geassy AA, Nasr MI, Hessien MM. Effect of reducing gas on the volume change during reduction of iron oxide compacts. ISIJ Int. 1996;36:640–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Pang JM, Guo PM, Zhao P, Cao CZ, Zhang DW. Influence of size of hematite powder on its reduction kinetics by H2 at low temperature. J Iron Steel Res Int. 2009;16:7–11.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Yu D, Zhu M, Utigard TA, Barati M. TG/DTA study on the carbon monoxide and graphite thermal reduction of a high-grade iron nickel oxide residue with the presence of siliceous gangue. Thermoch Acta. 2014;575:1–11.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Roduit B, Maciejewski M, Baiker A. Influence of experimental conditions on the kinetic parameters of gas-solid reactions -parametric sensitivity of thermal analysis. Thermochim Acta. 1996;82–283:101–19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Piotrowski K, Wiltowskim T, Mondal K, Stonawski L, Szymanski T, Dasgupta D. Simultaneous influence of gas mixture composition and process temperature on Fe2O3–FeO reduction kinetics—neural. Braz J Chem Eng Netw Model. 2005;22:419–32.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Jung SS, Lee JS. In-situ Kinetic study of hydrogen reduction of Fe2O3 for the production of fe nanopowder. Mater Trans. 2009;50:2270–6.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Zhao W, Chen H, Liu N, Zhou J. Thermogravimetric analysis of peat decomposition under different oxygen concentrations. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2014;117:489–97.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Muraleedharan K, Mallikassery JJ, Sarada K, Kannan MP. Isothermal decomposition of K2C2O4. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2014;116:1055–60.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Jankovic BZ, Jankovic MM. Thermal characterization and isothermal kinetic analysis of commercial Creosote decomposition process. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2014;115:823–32.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Maqueda LAP, Ortega A, Criado JM. The use of master plots for discriminating the kinetic model of solid state reactions from a single constantrate thermal analysis (CRTA) experiment. Thermochim Acta. 1996;277:165–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Chen F, Sorensen OT, Meng G, Peng D. Thermal decomposition of BaC2O4.0, 5H2O studied by stepwise isothermal analysis and non-isothermal thermogravimetry. J Therm Anal. 1998;53:397–410.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Sherchenkov A, Kozyukhin S, Babich A. Estimation of kinetic parameters for the phase change memory materials by DSC measurements. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2014;. doi:10.1007/s10973-014-3899-8.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Bessières J, Bessières A, Heizmann JJ. Iron oxide reduction kinetics by hydrogen. Int J Hydrog Energy. 1980;5:585–95.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Lina HY, Chena YW, Li C. The mechanism of reduction of iron oxide by hydrogen. Thermochim Acta. 2003;400:61–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Vieira CMF, Andrade PM, Maciel GS, Vernilli F Jr, Monteiro SN. Incorporation of fine steel sludge waste into red ceramic. Mater Sci Eng, A. 2006;427:142–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Yi C, Chen BY, Wang CR, Ke JX. Experimental research on reducing the dust of BOF in CO2 and O2 mixed blowing steelmaking process. ISIJ Int. 2009;49:1694–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Andrade PM, Vieira CMF, Monteiro SN, Vernilli F Jr. Recycling of steel sludge into red ceramic. Mater Sci Forum. 2006;530:544–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Hughes R, Kam EKT, Mogadam-Zadeh H. The reduction of iron ores by hydrogen and carbon monoxide and their mixtures. Thermoch Acta. 1982;59:361–77.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Wang H, Yang Y, Wu BS, Xu J, Ding MY, Wang HL, Fan WH, Xiang HW, Li YW. Hydrogen reduction kinetics modeling of a precipitated iron Fischer–Tropsch catalyst. J Mol Catal A: Chem. 2009;308:96–107.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Pineau A, Kanari N, Gaballah I. Kinetics of reduction of iron oxides by H2 Part I: low temperature reduction of hematite. Thermochim Acta. 2006;447:89–100.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Pineau A, Kanari N, Gaballah I. Kinetics of reduction of iron oxides by H2 Part II. low temperature reduction of magnetite. Thermochim Acta. 2007;456:75–88.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank FAPESP (The State of São Paulo’s Research Support Foundation) process 11/51638-0, the CNPq (National Council for Scientific and Technological Development) process 245470/2012-3, the CAPES (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel) Foundation, project PE003/2008 and the University of São Paulo.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Mello Moraes 2463, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil

    Eduardo Junca & Thomaz Augusto Guisard Restivo

  2. University of Sorocaba, Rod. Raposo Tavares km 92,5, Sorocaba, 18023-000, Brazil

    Thomaz Augusto Guisard Restivo

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580, São Paulo, SP, 05424-970, Brazil

    Denise Crocce Romano Espinosa & Jorge Alberto Soares Tenório

Authors
  1. Eduardo Junca
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Thomaz Augusto Guisard Restivo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Denise Crocce Romano Espinosa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Jorge Alberto Soares Tenório
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Eduardo Junca.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Junca, E., Restivo, T.A.G., Espinosa, D.C.R. et al. Application of stepwise isothermal analysis method in the kinetic study of reduction of basic oxygen furnace dust. J Therm Anal Calorim 120, 1913–1919 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-015-4491-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-015-4491-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation