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Thermal and XRD analysis of Egyptian galena

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Abstract

Galena is the principal ore mineral for lead industry and the production of lead and its alloys. The industrial processing of galena includes its oxidized roasting to lead oxide, followed by reduction smelting of lead oxide agglomerate with coke in the blast furnace to commercial lead.

The present work reports a thermal analysis study of oxidized roasting of Egyptian galena using a derivatograph. The reaction products were identified microscopically and by using a Siemens Crystalloflex diffractometer.

On roasting of galena (heating in the air flow), its oxidation to lead sulphate was shown by a wide and small exothermic DTA peak at 460°C. The reaction between galena and lead sulphate, produced PbSO4·PbO at 580°C, is shown by a small exothermic peak. A large and sharp exothermic tripple maximum at 730, 740 and 765°C was due to the intensive oxidation of galena, accompanied by an increase in mass (TG). This mass increase is attributed to the formation of different sulphates. The mass loss is observed at temperature higher than 900°C due to the dissociation of the sulphates to lead oxide and evolution of sulphur dioxide.

The standard free energy (ΔG°) and equilibrium constant (K) of the reaction of oxidation of galena to lead oxide at 800°C are –167.102 kcal mol–1 and 1.09·1034, respectively. These values reflect the irreversibility of the reaction.

The products of the oxidized roasting of galena are different, depending upon the temperature of roasting such as anglesite at 300°C, basic lead sulphates of specified compositions: (PbSO4·PbO at 600°C, PbSO4·2PbO at 800°C and PbSO4·4PbO at 900°C) and lead oxide at 1000°C.

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  1. Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt, 69 Sultan Hussein St.

    A. M. Abdel-Rehim

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  1. A. M. Abdel-Rehim
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Correspondence to A. M. Abdel-Rehim.

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Abdel-Rehim, A.M. Thermal and XRD analysis of Egyptian galena. J Therm Anal Calorim 86, 393–401 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-005-6785-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-005-6785-6

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