Abstract
The sol-gel method is an excellent choice to produce composite materials with enhanced performance by efficiently combining the individual features of their components. In this work, chitosan-stabilized gold nanoparticles (ChAuNPs) were immobilized onto a SiO2/TiO2 magnetic xerogel, which was synthesized through hetero-condensation of silica and titania precursors in the presence of magnetite particles covered with a silica shell. This system allies the antimicrobial capacity of ChAuNP, the surface reactivity of titania, porous structure of silica, and magnetic response of the magnetite particles. The magnetite phase was characterized by X-ray diffraction and the shape and size of the particles were observed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. ChAuNPs were obtained in spherical shape with size below 10 nm, as characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. SiO2/TiO2 magnetic xerogel containing the ChAuNP was also characterized by thermogravimetric and textural analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and magnetism. The ChAuNP-SiO2/TiO2 magnetic xerogel is mesoporous with facile magnetic recovering and its performance as antimicrobial agent was assessed against the pathogen E. coli. The ChAuNP-SiO2/TiO2 magnetic xerogel presented inhibitory effect against the tested bacteria, even with such low gold content. After the magnetic recovering, the material was reused and maintained its antibacterial activity.
Highlights
-
Magnetic composite embedding magnetite particles in silica/titania network.
-
Adhesion of chitosan-stabilized gold nanoparticles to silica/titania surface.
-
Porous and high surface area material containing gold nanoparticles as antimicrobial agent.
-
Efficient and reusable antimicrobial system against E. coli bacteria.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Khan ST, Mussarat J, Al-Khedhairy AA (2016) Colloid Surf B 146:70–83
Croxen MA, Law RJ, Scholz R, Keeney KM, Wlodarska M, Finlay BB (2013) Clin Microbiol Rev 26:822–880
Lambrechts AA, Human IS, Doughari JH, Lues JFR (2014) Pak J Med Sci 30:755–758
Park J, Kim JS, Kim S, Shin E, Oh K-H, Kim Y, Kim CH, Hwang MA, Jin CM, Na K, Lee J, Cho E, Kang B-H, Kwak H-S, Seong WK, Kim J (2018) Int J Infect Dis 66:45–50.
Vuthy Y, Lay KS, Seiha H, Kerleguer A, Aidara-Kane A (2017) Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 7:670–674
Wang L, Nakamura H, Kage-Nakadai E, Hara-Kudo Y, Nishikawa Y (2017) Int J Food Microbiol 249:44–52
Rudramurthy GR, Swamy MK, Sinniah UR, Ghasemzadeh A (2016) Molecules 21:836–866
Dizaj SM, Lotfipour F, Barzegar-Jalali M, Zarrintan MH, Adibkia K (2014) Mater Sci Eng 44:278–284
Hoseinzadeh E, Makhdoumi P, Taha P, Hossini H, Stelling J, Kamal MA, Ashraf GM (2017) Curr Drug Metab 18:120–128
Raghunath A, Perumal E (2017) Int J Antimicrob Agent 49:137–152
Pagno CH, Costa TMH, de Menezes EW, Benvenutti EV, Hertz PF, Matte CR, Tosati JV, Monteiro AR, Rios AO, Flôres SH (2015) Food Chem 173:755–762
Venkatesan R, Rajeswari N (2017) Polym Adv Technol 28:1699–1706
Li Q, Mahendra S, Lyon DY, Brunet L, Liga MV, Li D, Alvarez (2008) Water Res 42:4591–4602
Das SK, Das AR, Guha AK (2009) Langmuir 25:8192–8199
Schneid AC, Roesch EW, Sperb F, Matte U, da Silveira NP, Costa TMH, Benvenutti EV, de Menezes EW (2014) J Mater Chem B 2:1079–1086
Shanmugasundaram T, Radhakrishnan M, Gopikrishnan V, Kadirvelu K, Balagurunathan R (2017) RSC Adv 7:51729–51743
Thomas V, Yallapu MM, Sreedhar B, Bajpai SK (2009) J Biomater Sci 20:2129–2144
Zheng K, Setyawati MI, Leong DT, Xie J (2017) ACS Nano 11:6904–6910
Singh A, Singh NB, Afzal S, Singh T, Hussain I (2018) J Mater Sci 53:185–201
Sanmugam A, Vikraman D, Park HJ, Kim H-S (2017) Nanomaterials 7:363–377
Kumar R, Umar A, Kumar G, Nalwa HS (2017) Ceram Int 43:3940–3961
Zhao Y, Xing Q, Janjanam J, He K, Long F, Low K-B, Tiwari A, Zhao F, Shahbazian-Yassar R, Friedrich C, Shokuhfar T (2014) Int J Nanomed 9:5177–5187
Wanag A, Rokicka P, Kusiak-Nejman E, Kapica-Kozar J, Wrobel RJ, Markowska-Szczupak A, Morawski AW (2018) Ecotox Environ Safe 147:788–793
Fernandez-Moure JS, Evangelopoulos M, Colvill K, Van Eps JL, Tasciotti E (2017) Nanomedicine 12:1319–1334
Cui Y, Zhao Y, Tian Y, Zhang W, Lu X, Jiang X (2012) Biomaterials 33:2327–2333
Niemirowicz K, Swiecicka I, Wilczewska AZ, Misztalewska I, Kalska-Szostko B, Bienias K, Bucki R, Car H (2014) Int J Nanomed 9:2217–2224
Osonga FJ, Yazgan I, Kariuki V, Luther D, Jimenez A, Le P, Sadik OA (2016) RSC Adv 6:2302–2313
Khan FU, Chen Y, Khan NU, Ahmad A, Tahir K, Khan ZU, Khan AU, Khan SU, Raza M, Wan P (2017) Microb Pathog 107:419–424
Bui VKH, Park D, Lee Y-C (2017) Polymers 9:21–45
Anitha A, Sowmya S, Sudheesh Kumar PT, Deepthi S, Chennazhi KP, Ehrlich H, Tsurkan M, Jayakumar R (2014) Prog Polym Sci 39:1644–1667
Leiva A, Bonardd S, Pino M, Saldías C, Kortaberria G, Radic D (2015) Eur Polym J 68:419–431
Ryan C, Alcock E, Buttimer F, Schmidt M, Clarke D, Pemble M, Bardosova M (2017) Sci Technol Adv Mat 18:528–540
Chung Y-C, Wang H-L, Chen Y-M, Li S-L (2003) Bioresour Technol 88:179–184
Cheung RCF, Ng TB, Wong JH, Chan WY (2015) Mar Drugs 13:5156–5186
Wang L, Hu C, Shao L (2017) Int J Nanomed 12:1227–1249
Caldas EM, Novatzky D, Deon M, de Menezes EW, Hertz PF, Costa TMH, Arenas LT, Benvenutti EV (2017) Micro Mesopor Mater 247:95–102
El Kadib A, Bousmina M (2012) Chem Eur J 18:8264–8277
El Kadib A, Molvinger K, Cacciaguerra T, Bousmina M, Brunel D (2011) Micro Mesopor Mater 142:301–307
Karthikeyan KT, Nithya A, Jothivenkatachalam K (2017) Int J Biol Macromol 104:1762–1773
Li A, Jin Y, Muggli D, Pierce DT, Aranwela H, Marasinghe GK, Knutson T, Brockman G, Zhao JX (2013) Nanoscale 5:5854–5862
Laranjo MT, Ricardi NC, Arenas LT, Benvenutti EV, Oliveira MC, Santos MJL, Costa TMH (2014) J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 72:273–281
Park S, Park HH, Ko Y-S, Lee SJ, Le TS, Woo K, Ko G (2017) Sci Total Environ 609:289–296
Teja AS, Koh P-Y (2009) Prog Cryst Growth Charact 55:22–45
Stöber W, Fink A, Bohn E (1968) J Colloid Interf Sci 26:62–69
Webb PA, Orr C, Camp RW, Olivier JP, Yunes YS (1997) Analytical methods in fine particle technology. Micromeritics Instrument Corporation, Norcross
Miles AAL, Misra SS (1938) J Hyg 38:732–749
Silva N, Junqueira VCA, Silveira NFA, Taniwaki MH, Gomes RAR, Okazaki MM (2017) Manual de métodos de análise microbiológica de alimentos e água. Editora Blucher, São Paulo
Cullity BD (1956) Elements of X-ray diffraction. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Massachusetts
Laptash NM, Maslennikova IG, Kaidalova TA (1999) J Fluor Chem 99:133–137
Goldstein J, Newbury DE, Joy DC, Lyman CE, Echlin P, Lifshin E, Sawyer L, Michael JR (2003) Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis. Springer, New York
Eustis S, El-Sayed MA (2006) Chem Soc Rev 35:209–217
Csáki A, Thiele M, Jatschka J, Dathe A, Zopf D, Stranik O, Fritzsche W (2015) Eng Life Sci 15:266–275
Panigrahi S, Basu S, Praharaj S, Pande S, Jana S, Pal A, Ghosh SK, Pal T (2007) J Phys Chem C 111:4596–4605
Ramos JVH, Morawski FM, Costa TMH, Dias SLP, Benvenutti EV, de Menezes EW, Arenas LT (2015) Micro Mesopor Mater 217:109–118
Gregg SJ, Sing KSW (1982) Adsorption, surface area and porosity. Academic Press, London
Harres A, Mikhov M, Skumryev V, de Andrade AMH, Schmidt JE, Geshev J (2016) J Magn Magn Mater 402:76–82
Acknowledgements
We thank CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico), FAPERGS (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul), and CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento Pessoal de Nível Superior) for financial support and grants. We also thank CNANO (Centro de Nanociência e Nanotecnologia) and CMM (Centro de Microscopia e Microanálise) of UFRGS (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Deon, M., Morawski, F.M., Passaia, C. et al. Chitosan-stabilized gold nanoparticles supported on silica/titania magnetic xerogel applied as antibacterial system. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 89, 333–342 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-018-4699-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-018-4699-6