Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Preparation of polypropylene/silica composites by in-situ sol–gel processing using hyperbranched polyethoxysiloxane

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Based on a volatile-free silica liquid precursor polymer—hyperbranched polyethoxysiloxane (PEOS), an industrial compatible in situ sol–gel process for the preparation of polymer/silica nanocomposites has been developed. It has been shown that in the presence of a catalyst water vapor induced a fast conversion of liquid PEOS to solid silica in polypropylene (PP) melt in a twin-screw microcompounder. Solid state NMR showed that the in situ conversion of PEOS proceeded to a large extent. With small amounts of PEOS this procedure yielded PP/silica composites with particle size less than 100 nm. The particle size increased with the PEOS amount blended with PP. Nevertheless, the particles were observed to be homogeneously dispersed within the polymer matrix. PP/silica composites prepared by in situ sol–gel technology showed improved thermal properties, but almost not affected mechanical properties in comparison with pure PP.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Beecroft LL, Ober CK (1997) Chem Mater 9:1302–1317

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Innocenzi P, Brusatin G (2001) Chem Mater 13:3126–3139

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Interrante LV (1995) Chem Mater 7:1751–1752

    Google Scholar 

  4. Komarneni S (1992) J Mater Chem 2:1219–1230

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Gleiter H (1992) Adv Mater 4:474–481

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Novak BM (1993) Adv Mater 5:422–433

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Breuer O, Sundararaj U (2004) Polym Compos 25:630–645

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Manevitch OL, Rutledge GC (2004) J Phys Chem B 108:1428–1435

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Sturcova A, Davies GR, Eichhorn SJ (2005) Biomacromolecules 6:1055–1061

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Treacy MMJ, Ebbesen TW, Gibson JM (1996) Nature 381:678–680

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Van Lier G, Van Alsenoy C, Van Doren V, Geerlings P (2000) Chem Phys Lett 326:181–185

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Yu MF, Lourie O, Dyer MJ, Moloni K, Kelly TF, Ruoff RS (2000) Science 287:637–640

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Mack JJ, Viculis LM, Ali A, Luoh R, Yang GL, Hahn HT, Ko FK, Kaner RB (2005) Adv Mater 17:77–80

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Samir M, Alloin F, Dufresne A (2005) Biomacromolecules 6:612–626

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Ray SS, Okamoto M (2003) Prog Polym Sci 28:1539–1641

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Gilman JW, Jackson CL, Morgan AB, Harris R, Manias E, Giannelis EP, Wuthenow M, Hilton D, Phillips SH (2000) Chem Mater 12:1866–1873

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Ou CF, Hsu MC (2007) J Polym Res 14:373–378

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Hong RY, Fu HP, Zhang YJ, Liu L, Wang J, Li HZ, Zheng Y (2007) J Appl Polym Sci 105:2176–2184

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Pluta M, Paul MA, Alexandre M, Dubois P (2006) J Polym Sci Part B Polym Phys 44:299–311

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Yudin VE, Divoux GM, Otaigbe JU, Svetlichnyi VM (2005) Polymer 46:10866–10872

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Zhang H, Zhang Z, Friedrich K, Eger C (2006) Acta Mater 54:1833–1842

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Muh E, Frey H, Klee JE, Mulhaupt R (2001) Adv Funct Mater 11:425–429

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Jain S, Goossens H, Picchioni F, Magusin P, Mezari B, van Duin M (2005) Polymer 46:6666–6681

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Ruan WH, Zhang MQ, Rong MZ, Friedrich K (2004) J Mater Sci 39:3475–3478

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Garcia M, van Vliet G, ten Cate MGJ, Chavez F, Norder B, Kooi B, van Zyl WE, Verweij H, Blank DHA (2004) Polym Adv Technol 15:164–172

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Kim YK, Lewis AF, Patra PK, Warner SB, Mhetre SK, Shah MA, Nam D (2002) Nanocomposite fibers. In: Christopher CB et al (ed) Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings. pp 441

  27. Rankin SE, Macosko CW, McCormick AV (1998) Aiche J 44:1141–1156

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Sugahara Y, Inoue T, Kuroda K (1997) J Mater Chem 7:53–59

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Alam TM, Assink RA, Loy DA (1996) Chem Mater 8:2366–2374

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Aelion R, Loebel A, Eirich F (1950) Recl Trav Chim Pays-Bas J Roy Neth Chem Soc 69:61–75

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Dubitsky Y, Zaopo A, Zannoni G, Zetta L (2000) Mater Chem Phys 64:45–53

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Rankin SE, McCormick AV (1999) Magn Reson Chem 37:S27–S37

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Altmann S, Pfeiffer J (2003) Monatsh Chem 134:1081–1092

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Mizutani Y, Nago S (1999) J Appl Polym Sci 72:1489–1494

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Phe BH, Bounor-Legare V, David L, Michel A (2004) J Sol–Gel Sci Technol 31:47–50

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Zhu XM, Jaumann M, Peter K, Moller M, Melian C, Adams-Buda A, Demco DE, Blumich B (2006) Macromolecules 39:1701–1708

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Li JX, Ness JN, Cheung WL (1996) J Appl Polym Sci 59:1733–1740

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Hedesiu C, Demco DE, Kleppinger R, Vanden Poel G, Gijsbers W, Blumich B, Remerie K, Litvinov VM (2007) Macromolecules 40:3977–3989

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Hedesiu C, Demco DE, Remerie K, Blümich B, Litvinov VM (2008) Macromol Chem Phys doi:10.1002/macp.200700503

  40. Kristiansen M, Werner M, Tervoort T, Smith P, Blomenhofer M, Schmidt HW (2003) Macromolecules 36:5150–5156

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Jain S, Goossens H, van Duin M, Lemstra P (2005) Polymer 46:8805–8818

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Wunderlich B (1990) Thermal analysis. Academic Press, New York. p 418

  43. Schrauwen BAG, Janssen RPM, Govaert LE, Meijer HEH (2004) Macromolecules 37:6069–6078

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors thank the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF, project “NanoBase”. FKZ 03X0023G) for the financial support. D.E. Demco and C. Melian thank Professor B. Blümich for fruitful discussion.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. DWI at RWTH Aachen e.V. and Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 8, D-52056, Aachen, Germany

    Qizheng Dou, Xiaomin Zhu, Karin Peter, Dan E. Demco & Martin Möller

  2. Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry at RWTH Aachen, Worringer Weg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany

    Claudiu Melian

Authors
  1. Qizheng Dou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Xiaomin Zhu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Karin Peter
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Dan E. Demco
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Martin Möller
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Claudiu Melian
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Martin Möller.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Dou, Q., Zhu, X., Peter, K. et al. Preparation of polypropylene/silica composites by in-situ sol–gel processing using hyperbranched polyethoxysiloxane. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 48, 51–60 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-008-1735-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-008-1735-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation