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Prostate tumor therapy advances in nuclear medicine: green nanotechnology toward the design of tumor specific radioactive gold nanoparticles

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Abstract

We report herein an innovative approach to prostate tumor therapy using tumor specific radioactive gold nanoparticles (198Au) functionalized with Mangiferin (MGF). Production and full characterization of MGF-198AuNPs are described. In vivo therapeutic efficacy of MGF-198AuNPs, through intratumoral delivery, in SCID mice bearing prostate tumor xenografts are described. Singular doses of the nano-radiopharmaceutical (MGF-198AuNPs) resulted in over 85% reduction of tumor volume as compared to untreated control groups. The excellent anti-tumor efficacy of MGF-198AuNPs are attributed to the retention of over 90% of the injected dose within tumors for long periods of time. The retention of MGF-198AuNPs is also rationalized in terms of the higher tumor metabolism of glucose which is present in the xanthanoid functionality of MGF. Limited/no lymphatic drainage of MGF-198AuNPs to various non-target organs is an attractive feature presenting realistic scope for the clinical translation of MGF-198AuNPs in for treating prostate cancers in human patients. The comparative analysis of MGF-198AuNPs with other radioactive gold nanoparticles, functionalized either with epigallocatechin gallate or the Gum Arabic, has revealed significantly superior tumoricidal characteristics of MGF-198AuNPs, thus corroborating the importance of the tumor-avid glucose motif of MGF. Oncological implications of MGF-198AuNPs as a new therapeutic agent for treating prostate and various solid tumors are presented.

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Acknowledgements

Non-radioactive Mangiferin gold nanoparticles were prepared and characterized by Dr. M. Khoobchandani and Kavita Katti, radioactive gold nanoparticles work reported in this publication is the PhD dissertation work of Dr. Al-Yasiri. Velaphi Thipe carried out quality control measurmenets of MGF-AuNPs. Dr. Loyalka and Dr. Al-Yasiri thank the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research of Iraq and the Nuclear Science and Engineering Institute (NSEI) at the University of Missouri, for financial support during the course of doctoral work of Amal Y. Al-Yasiri. We (KVK) thank funds from the Mizzou advantage program and the Institute of Green Nanotechnology, Office of Research, Chancellor’s Excellence Program, University of Missouri, USA, for supporting the interdisciplinary research. KVK and ABL thank the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna for international collaborations. KVK and ABL thank funds from the Brazilian Ministry of Science and Technology for funds through the ‘Science Without Borders’ program (CNPq 401438/2014-7).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Physics, Institute of Green Nanotechnology, University of Missouri Research Reactor (MURR), University of Missouri, One Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA

    K. V. Katti

  2. Department of Radiology, Institute of Green Nanotechnology, University of Missouri, One Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA

    M. Khoobchandani, V. C. Thipe & K. K. Katti

  3. Nuclear Science and Engineering Institute (NSEI), University of Missouri Research Reactor (MURR), University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA

    A. Y. Al-Yasiri & S. K. Loyalka

  4. Radioactive Isotopes and Generator Department, Hot Labs Center, Atomic Energy Authority, P.O. Box 13759, Cairo, Egypt

    T. M. Sakr

  5. Nuclear and Energy Research Institute – IPEN/CNEN/Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    A. B. Lugão

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  1. K. V. Katti
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Katti, K.V., Khoobchandani, M., Thipe, V.C. et al. Prostate tumor therapy advances in nuclear medicine: green nanotechnology toward the design of tumor specific radioactive gold nanoparticles. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 318, 1737–1747 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-018-6320-4

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