Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Studies on radon concentration in drinking water around Hemavathi river basin, Karnataka State, India

  • Published:
Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Concentrations of radon in drinking water collected from 32 locations of Hemavathi river basin, Karnataka, India have been measured by emanometry method. The radon concentration in water ranged from 2.7 ± 0.1 to 138.5 ± 1.5 Bq l−1 with a geometrical mean of 25.3 ± 1.1 Bq l−1. The study revealed that about 82.35% of drinking water samples contained radon concentration more than 11.1 Bq l−1, the limit is fixed by Environmental Protection Agency. Among the different parameters measured, concentration of radon showed weak correlation with chloride and no correlation with alkalinity, pH, nitrate, sulphate, fluoride and total dissolved substance.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Bonotto DM, Caprioglio L (2002) Radon in ground water from Guarany aquifer, South America environmental and exploration implications. Appl Rad Isot 57:931–940

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Ningappa C, Sannappa J, Karunakara N (2008) Study on radionuclides in granite quarries of Bangalore rural district, Karnataka, India. Radiat Prot Dosim 131(4):495–502

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Sannappa J, Ningappa C, Prakash, Narasimha KN (2010) Natural radioactivity levels in granite regions of Karnataka State. IJPAP 48:817–819

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Carvalho FP, Fajgelj A (2013) Radioactivity in drinking water: routine monitoring and emergency response. J Environ Radioact 41:224–230

    Google Scholar 

  5. Kumar A, Kaur M, Sharma S, Mehra R (2016) A study of radon concentration in drinking water samples of Amritsar city of Panjab (India). Radiat prot Environ 39:13–19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Wu YY, Ma YZ, Cui HX, Liu JX, Sun YR, Shang B (2014) Radon concentrations in drinking water in Beijing City, China and contribution to radiation dose. Int J Environ Res Public Health 11:121–131

    Google Scholar 

  7. Duggal Vikas, Sharma Samriti, Mehra Rohit (2017) Radon levels in drinking water of Fatehabad district of Haryana, India. Appl Radiat Isot 123:36–40

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Kendal GM, Smith TJ (2002) Dose to organs and tissues from radon and its decay products. J Radiol Prot 22:389–406

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. National Academy of Sciences Report (1999) Risk assessment of radon in drinking water. National Academy Press, Washington, p 18

    Google Scholar 

  10. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (2009) United States Environmental Protection Agency. A citizen’s guide to radon

  11. USEPA (1991) National primary drinking water regulations for radionuclides. US, Governmental Printing Office, Washington. Environ Prot Agency 570(9–91): 700

  12. World Health Organization (WHO), (2003). Iron in drinking-water. Background document for preparation of WHO guidelines for drinking-water quality. Geneva. WHO/SDE/WSH/03.04/8

  13. Sethy NK, Jha VN, Ravi PM, Tripathi RM (2015) Assessment of human exposure to dissolve radon in ground water around the uranium industry of Jaduguda, Jharkhand, India. Curr Sci 109(10):1855–1860

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Srilatha MC, Rangaswamy DR, Sannappa J (2014) Studies on concentration of radon and physicochemical parameters in ground water around Ramanagara and Tumkur district, Karnataka, India. Int J Adv Sci Tech Res 4(2):641–660

    Google Scholar 

  15. Reddy M (2003) Status of groundwater quality in Bangalore and its environs. Department of mines and geology Groundwater (Minor Irrigation), Bangalore pp 44–52

  16. Chandrashekara MS, Veda SM, Paramesh L (2012) Studies on radiation dose due to radioactive elements present in ground water and soil samples around Mysore city, India. Radiat Prot Dosim 149:315–335

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Radhakrishna AP, Somasekarappa HM, Narayana Y, Siddappa K (1993) A new natural background radiation area on the southwest coast of India. Health Phys 65(390):392–395

    Google Scholar 

  18. Ravikumar P, Somashekar RK (2011) Natural 3H radioactivity analyses in groundwater and estimation of committed effective dose due to groundwater ingestion in Varahi and Markandeya river basins, Karnataka State, India. J Radioannal Nucl Chem 288:271–278

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Shiva Prasad NG, Nagaiah N, Ashok GV, Mahesh HM (2007) Radiation dose from dissolved radon in potable waters of the Bangalore environment, South India. Int J Environ Stud 64:83–92

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Somashekar RK, Ravikumar P (2012) Radon concentration in groundwater of Varahi and Markandeya river basins, Karnataka State, India. J Radioannal Nucl Chem 285:343–351

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Nagaraju KM, Chandrashekara MS, Pruthvi Rani KS, Paramesh L (2014) Radon, radium and uranium concentration in water samples of few locations of Chamaraja Nagar district South Karnataka, India. Radiat Prot Environ 36(1):36–39

    Google Scholar 

  22. Soil resource based land use of Hassan district, Karnataka (2013) National Bureau of Soil Survey & Land Use Planning, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Nagpur—440 033, Maharashtra, India, report No. 12

  23. Raghavayya M, Iyengar MAR, Markose PM (1980) Estimation of Radium-226 by emanometry. Bull Radiat Prot 3:11

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. UNSCEAR (2008) Sources and effects of ionising radiation. UNSCEAR, United Nations, New York

    Google Scholar 

  25. WHO (1971) International standards of drinking water, 3rd edn. WHO, Geneva

    Google Scholar 

  26. United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effect of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) (2000) Sources and effects of ionizing radiation. UNSCEAR, United Nation, New York

    Google Scholar 

  27. Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (2002), Government of India, Nuclear India, 35:11–12

  28. World Health Organization(WHO) (2003) Iron in drinking-water. Background document for preparation of WHO guidelines for drinking-water quality. Geneva. WHO/SDE/WSH/03.04/8

  29. Gert Knuts Son & Bo Olofsson (2002) Radon content in groundwater from drilled wells in the Stockholm region of Sweden. NGU Bull 439:79–85

    Google Scholar 

  30. Kobal I, Vaupoti CJ, Miti CD, Kristan J, Ancik M, JeranciCS Skofljanec M (1990) Natural radioactivity of fresh waters in Slovenia, Yugoslavia. Environ Int 16:141–154

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Bureau of Indian standards (BIS) (1991) Analysis of water and waste water. BIS Institution, New Delhi

    Google Scholar 

  32. Suryanarayana K (1995) Effect of groundwater quality on health hazards in parts of eastern ghats. Indian J Environ Prot 15(7):497–500

    Google Scholar 

  33. Das PK, Malik SD (1988) Groundwater of Khatra region of Bankura district, West Bengal. Some chemical aspects in reference to its utilization. J Indian Water Resour Soc 8(3):31–41

    Google Scholar 

  34. Ramanaiah SV, Venkata MS, Rajkumar B, Sharma PN (2006) Monitoring of fluoride concentration in ground water of Prakasham district in India: correlation with physic-chemical parameters. J Environ Sci Eng 48(2):129–134

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Maheshwari RC (2006) Fluoride in drinking water and its removal. J Hazard Mater 137(1):456–463

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Binesh A, Mohammadi S, Mowavi AA, Parvaresh P (2010) Measurement of heavy radioactive pollution: radon and radium in drinking water samples of Mashhad, Iran. Int J Curr Res 10:54–58

    Google Scholar 

  37. Manzoor F, Alaamer AS, Tahir SN (2008) Exposures to 222Rn from consumption of underground municipal water supplies in Pakistan. Radiat Prot Dosim 130:392–396

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Cosma C, Moldovan M, Dicu T, Kovacs T (2008) Radon in water from Transylvania (Romania). Radiat Meas 43:1423–1428

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Akar Tarim U, Gurler O, Akkaya G, Kilic N, Yalcin S, Kaynak G (2012) Evaluation of radon concentration in well and tap waters in Bursa, Turkey. Radiat Prot Dosim 50:207–212

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Henshaw DL, Perryman J, Keitch PA, Allen JE, Camplin GC (1993) Radon in domestic water supplies in the UK. Radiat Prot Dosim 46:285–289

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Nikolopoulos D, Louizi A (2008) Study of indoor radon and radon in drinking water in Greece and Cyprus: implications to exposure and dose. Radiat Meas 43:1305–1314

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Rani A, Mehra R, Duggal V (2013) Radon monitoring in groundwater samples from some areas of Northern Rajasthan, India, Using a RAD7 detector. Radiat Prot Dosi 153:496–501

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Todorovic N, Nikolov J, Forkapic S, Bikit I, Mrdja D, Krmar M, Veskovic M (2012) Public exposure to radon in drinking water in SERBIA. Appl Radiat Isot 70:543–549

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Akar TU, Gurler O, Akkaya G, Kilic N, Yalcin S, Kaynak G, Gundogdu O (2012) Evaluation of radon concentration in well and tap waters in Bursa, Turkey. Radiat Prot Dosim 150:207–212

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Wallner G, Steininger G (2007) Radium isotopes and 222Rn in Austrian drinking waters. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 274:511–516

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Lopes I, Madruga MJ, Carvalho FP (2005) Application of liquid scintillation counting techniques to gross alpha, gross beta, radon and radium measurement in Portuguese waters. In: IAEA-TECDOC-1472

  47. Rangaswamy DR, Srinivasa E, Srilatha MC, Sannappa J (2016) Measurement of radon concentration in drinking water of Shimoga district, Karnataka, India. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 307:907–916

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Gopal K, Rao MS, Kumar CP, Prabhat S (2015) Radon concentration in groundwater of east coast of West Bengal, India. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 303:2221–2225

    Google Scholar 

  49. Prasad G, Prasad Y, Gusain GS, Romala RC (2008) Measurement of radon and thoron levels in soil, water and indoor atmosphere of Budhakedar in Garhwal Himalaya, India. Radiat Meas 43:375–379

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Sri. H. D. Devegowda Government First Grade College, Paduvalahippe, Hassan, 57211, India

    R. S. Niranjan

  2. Department of Physics, VTU RC, Vidya Vikas Institute of Engineering and Technology, Mysore, 570028, India

    C. Ningappa, T. Yashaswini & N. A. Chamaraja

  3. Department of Studies and Research in Physics, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta, Karnataka, 577451, India

    D. R. Rangaswamy & J. Sannappa

Authors
  1. R. S. Niranjan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. C. Ningappa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. T. Yashaswini
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. N. A. Chamaraja
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. D. R. Rangaswamy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. J. Sannappa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to C. Ningappa.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Niranjan, R.S., Ningappa, C., Yashaswini, T. et al. Studies on radon concentration in drinking water around Hemavathi river basin, Karnataka State, India. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 314, 321–331 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-017-5432-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-017-5432-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation