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Kinetic behaviour of graft copolymerisation of nitrogenous heterocyclic monomer onto EB-irradiated ETFE films

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Abstract

Kinetic behaviour of graft copolymerisation of a nitrogenous heterocyclic monomer, 4-vinylpyridine (4-VP), onto electron beam irradiated poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene) (ETFE) films was investigated in correlation with reaction parameters (absorbed dose, monomer concentration and reaction temperature). This was established by determination of initial polymerisation rate (r p0), characteristic radical recombination rate (γ) and delay time (t 0). The orders of the dependence of the initial rate of grafting on the absorbed dose and monomer concentration were found to be 2.28 and 3.49, respectively. The effect of temperature was investigated in the range of 50–70 °C and the activation energy was determined. The incorporation of poly(4-VP) grafts and the accompanied chemical changes in the grafted ETFE films were monitored using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. The results of the present study showed that a quantitative kinetic description for grafting of 4-VP onto ETFE can be established and the degree of grafting can be tuned by controlling the reaction parameters.

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Abbreviations

4-VP:

4-Vinylpyridine

EB:

Electron beam

ETFE:

Poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene)

FTIR:

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

XPS:

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

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Acknowledgments

The author wishes to acknowledge the financial support from the Malaysian Ministry of Higher Education under the LRGS program (vote # 4L817).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Hydrogen Economy, International Campus, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Campus, Jalan Semarak, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Paveswari Sithambaranathan, Mohamed Mahmoud Nasef & Arshad Ahmad

  2. Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Campus, Jalan Semarak, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Mohamed Mahmoud Nasef

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  1. Paveswari Sithambaranathan
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Correspondence to Mohamed Mahmoud Nasef.

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Sithambaranathan, P., Nasef, M.M. & Ahmad, A. Kinetic behaviour of graft copolymerisation of nitrogenous heterocyclic monomer onto EB-irradiated ETFE films. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 304, 1225–1234 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-015-3927-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-015-3927-6

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