Abstract
In this work, we present the feasibility of using a parallel RF transmit with multiple RF sources imaging method (MultiTransmit imaging) in polymer gel dosimetry. Image quality and B1 field homogeneity was statistically better in the MultiTransmit imaging method than in conventional single source RF transmission imaging method. In particular, the standard uncertainty of R 2 was lower on the MultiTransmit images than on the conventional images. Furthermore, the MultiTransmit measurement showed improved dose resolution. Improved image quality and B1 homogeneity results in reduced dose uncertainty, thereby suggesting the feasibility of MultiTransmit MR imaging in gel dosimetry.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Maryanski M, Schulz R, Ibbott G, Gatenby J, Xie J, Horton D, Gore JC (1994) Magnetic resonance imaging of radiation dose distributions using a polymer-gel dosimeter. Phys Med Biol 39:1437–1455
Lepage M, Whittaker A, Rintoul L, Baldock C (2001) 13C, 1H NMR and FT–Raman study of the radiation-induced modifications in radiation dosimetry polymer gels. J Appl Polym Sci 79:1572–1581
Lepage M, McMahon K, Galloway G, De Deene Y, Back S, Baldock C (2002) Magnetization transfer imaging for polymer gel dosimetry. Phys Med Biol 47:1881–1890
Whitney H, Gochberg D, Gore J (2008) Magnetization transfer proportion: a simplified measure of dose response for polymer gel dosimetry. Phys Med Biol 53:7107–7124
Baldock C, De Deene Y, Doran S, Ibbott G, Jirasek A, Lepage M, McAuley KB, Oldham M, Schreiner LJ (2010) Polymer gel dosimetry. Phys Med Biol 55:R1–R63
De Deene Y (2004) Fundamentals of MRI measurements for gel dosimetry. J Phys 3:87–114
Oldham M, McJury M, Baustert I, Webb S, Leach M (1998) Improving calibration accuracy in gel dosimetry. Phys Med Biol 43:2709–2720
De Deene Y, Hanselaer P, De Wagter C, Achten E, De Neve W (2000) An investigation of the chemical stability of a monomer/polymer gel dosimeter. Phys Med Biol 45:859–878
McJury M, Oldham M, Leach M, Webb S (1999) Dynamics of polymerization in polyacrylamide gel (PAG) dosimeters I. Ageing and long-term stability. Phys Med Biol 44:1863–1873
De Deene Y, De Wagter C, De Neve W, Achten E (2000) Artefacts in multi-echo T2 imaging for high-precision gel dosimetry: II. Analysis of B1-field inhomogeneity. Phys Med Biol 45:1825–1839
De Deene Y, De Wagter C, De Neve W, Achten E (2000) Artefacts in multi-echo T2 imaging for high-precision gel dosimetry: I. Analysis and compensation of eddy currents. Phys Med Biol 45:1807–1823
Katscher U, Börnert P (2006) Parallel RF transmission in MRI. NMR Biomed 19:393–400
Willinek W, Gieseke J, KuKuk G, Nelles M, Köniq R, Morakkabati-spitz N, Träber F, Thomas D, Kuhl CK, Schild HH (2010) Dual-source parallel radiofrequency excitation body MR imaging compared with standard MR imaging at 3.0 T: initial clinical experience. Radiology 256:966–975
Kukuk G, Gieseke J, Weber S, Hadizadeh D, Nelles M, Träber F, Schild HH, Willinek WA (2011) Focal liver lesions at 3.0 T: lesion detectability and image quality with T2-weighted imaging by using conventional and dual-source parallel radiofrequency transmission. Radiology 259:421–428
Baldock C, Lepage M, Back S, Murry P, Jayasekera P, Porter D, Kron T (2001) Dose resolution in radiotherapy polymer gel dosimetry: effect of echo spacing in MRI pulse sequence. Phys Med Biol 46:449–460
Cunningham C, Pauly J, Nayak K (2006) Saturated double-angle method for rapid B1+ mapping. Magn Reson Med 55:1326–1333
Heverhagen J (2007) Noise measurement and estimation in MR imaging experiments. Radiology 245:638–639
Moon W (2007) Measurement of signal-to-noise ratio in MR imaging with sensitivity encoding. Radiology 243:908–909
Guo L, Liu C, Chen W, Chan Q, Wang G (2013) Dual-source parallel RF transmission for diffusion-weighted imaging of the abdomen using different b values: image quality and apparent diffusion coefficient comparison with conventional single-source transmission. J Magn Reson Imaging 37:875–885
Baldock C, Murry P, Kron T (1999) Uncertainty analysis in polymer gel dosimetry. Phys Med Biol 44:N243–N246
Farajollahi A, Bonnett D, Ratcliffe A, Aukett R, Mills J (1999) An investigation into the use of polymer gel dosimetry in low dose rate brachytherapy. Brit J Radiol 72:1085–1092
Thomsen C, Jensen K, Jensen M, Olsen E, Henriksen O (1990) MR pulse sequences for selective relaxation time measurements: a phantom study. Magn Reson Imaging 8:43–50
Fransson A, Ericsson A, Sperbe G (1993) Dependence on T1 of the echo amplitudes from multiple spin-echo sequences with equidistant echoes: simulation studies. Magn Reson Imaging 11:197–205
Andersen C, Jensen F (1994) Precision, accuracy, and image plane uniformity in NMR relaxation time imaging on a 1.5 T whole-body MR imaging system. Magn Reson Imaging 12:775–784
Frayne R, Goodyear B, Dickhoff P, Lauzon M, Sevick R (2003) Magnetic resonance imaging at 3.0 Tesla: challenges and advantages in clinical neurological imaging. Invest Radiol 38:385–402
Ibbott G, Maryanski M, Eastman P, Holcomb S, Zhang Y, Avison RG, Sanders M, Gore JC (1997) Three-dimensional visualization and measurement of conformal dose distributions using magnetic resonance imaging of BANG polymer gel dosimeters. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 38:1097–1103
Meeks S, Bova F, Maryanski M, Kendrick L, Ranade M, Buatti J, Friedman WA (1999) Image registration of BANG gel dose maps for quantitative dosimetry verification. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 43:1135–1141
Low D, Markman J, Dempsey J, Mutic S, Oldham M, Venkatesan R, Haacke EM, Purdy JA (2000) Noise in polymer gel measurements using MRI. Med Phys 27:1814–1817
Oldham M, Baustert I, Lord C, Smith T, McJury M, Warrington AP, Leach MO, Webb S (1998) An investigation into the dosimetry of a nine-field tomotherapy irradiation using BANG-gel dosimetry. Phys Med Biol 43:1113–1132
McJury M, Tapper P, Cosgrove V, Murphy P, Griffin S, Leach MO, Webb S, Oldham M (1999) Experimental 3D dosimetry around a high-dose-rate clinical Ir-192 source using a polyacrylamide gel (PAG) dosimeter. Phys Med Biol 44:2431–2444
Hepworth S, McJury M, Oldham M, Morton E, Doran S (1999) Dose mapping of inhomogeneities positioned in radiosensitive polymer gels. Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res A 422:756–760
Haraldsson P, Bäck S, Magnusson P, Olsson L (2000) Dose response characteristics and basic dose distribution data for a polymerization-based dosimeter gel evaluated using MR. Br J Radiol 73:58–65
Ramm U, Weber U, Bock M, Kramer M, Bankamp A, Damrau M, Thilmann C, Böttcher HD, Schad LR, Kraft G (2000) Three-dimensional BANG™ gel dosimetry in conformal carbon ion radiotherapy. Phys Med Biol 45:N95–N102
Baustert I, Oldham M, Smith T, Hayes C, Webb S, Leach M (2000) Optimized MR imaging for polyacrylamide gel dosimetry. Phys Med Biol 45:847–858
Lepage M, Whittaker A, Rintoul L, Bäck S, Baldock C (2001) Modelling of post-irradiation events in polymer gel dosimeters. Phys Med Biol 46:2827–2839
De Deene Y, Venning A, Hurley C, Healy B, Baldock C (2002) Dose response stability and integrity of the dose distribution of various polymer gel dosimeters. Phys Med Biol 47:2459–2470
Maryanski M, Audet C, Gore J (1997) Effects of cross-linking and temperature on the dose response of a BANG polymer gel dosimeter. Phys Med Biol 42:303–311
Spevacek V, Novotny J, Dvorak P, Vymazal J, Cechak T (2001) Temperature dependence of polymer-gel dosimeter nuclear magnetic resonance response. Med Phys 28:2370–2378
Acknowledgments
This study was supported by the program of Basic Atomic Energy Research Institute (BAERI) (2009-0078390) and a grant (2012-007883) from the Mid-career Researcher Program through the National Research Foundation (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (MSIP) of Korea. This study was conducted using a whole-body 3T MRI scanner at the Ochang Center of the Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI-#E34600).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kim, SY., Baek, HM., Lee, JH. et al. Reduced dose uncertainty in MRI-based polymer gel dosimetry using parallel RF transmission with multiple RF sources. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 302, 533–541 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-014-3232-9
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-014-3232-9