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Neighborhood Disorder, Family Functioning, and Risky Sexual Behaviors in Adolescence

  • Empirical Research
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Abstract

Adolescent risky sexual behaviors can result in negative consequences such as sexually transmitted infection. However, much research effort has been placed on understanding individual characteristics, rather than the role of neighborhood environment. This study addressed the prospective effects of neighborhood and family functioning in preadolescence on risky sexual behaviors. Participants included 4179 youth (Mage = 11.01 years, range 8.64–13.83; 51% female) and their caregivers. Using objective and self-reported measures of neighborhood and family functioning, results from multilevel regression analyses indicated that youth residing in disordered neighborhoods or had poorer family functioning in preadolescence were more likely to initiate sexual intercourse at younger ages 5 years later. Specifically, neighborhood poverty and decay were linked to early sexual initiation, whereas neighborhood social and family processes were protective against early sexual initiation. Males were more likely to engage in risky sexual behaviors in neighborhoods with greater poverty or decay; neighborhood poverty was linked with sexual initiation in White but not African American youth. Finally, parental monitoring moderated relationships between neighborhood social resources and contraceptive use, with neighborhood social resources linked with greater contraceptive use at low levels of parental monitoring, but lower contraceptive use at high levels of parental monitoring. These findings underscore the importance of neighborhood and family contexts in adolescents’ risky sexual behavior, suggesting that males and White youth are more vulnerable to the effects of neighborhood poverty and that more research is needed on the possible counterproductive function of parental monitoring in neighborhoods with greater social resources.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by cooperative agreements CCU409679, CCU609653, CCU915773, U48DP000046, U48DP000057, U48DP000056, U19DP002663, U19DP002664, and U19DP002665 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

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  1. The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Blvd., Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA

    Catheryn A. Orihuela, Sylvie Mrug & Susan Davies

  2. RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA, 90401-3208, USA

    Marc N. Elliott

  3. University of Texas Prevention Research Center, 7000 Fannin Ste. 2600, Houston, TX, 77030, USA

    Susan Tortolero Emery & Melissa F. Peskin

  4. Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Sari Reisner

  5. Kaiser Permanente School of Medicine, 98S. Los Robles Avenue, Pasadena, CA, 91101, USA

    Mark A. Schuster

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CAO conceived of the study, performed the statistical analyses and drafted the manuscript. SM contributed to the study design, helped with statistical analyses and interpretation, and revised manuscript content; ME and MS provided substantial critical review of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Orihuela, C.A., Mrug, S., Davies, S. et al. Neighborhood Disorder, Family Functioning, and Risky Sexual Behaviors in Adolescence. J Youth Adolescence 49, 991–1004 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-020-01211-3

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