Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Phase Separation Phenomenon in Non-ionic Surfactant TX-114 Micellar Solutions: Effect of Added Surfactants and Polymers

  • Published:
Journal of Solution Chemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Clouding (or phase separation) in non-ionic surfactants is a well-known phenomenon. Clouding is to be avoided in some applications whereas in others it is preferred. Herein the results of CP (cloud point—the temperature at which solution separates into two phases) measurements of the non-ionic surfactant Triton X-114 (TX-114) in the presence of surfactants and polymers are presented. Cationic and nonionic surfactants, in the absence and presence of the quaternary salt tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB), increase the CP of TX-114. Anionic surfactants, in the absence of TBAB, increase the CP; in the presence of TBAB, these surfactants decrease the CP. Polymers of PEG and PVP series have been found to decrease the CP. The results are discussed by taking into consideration the nature of the added surfactants and polymers.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Holland, P.M., Rubingh, D.N.: Mixed Surfactant Systems. American Chemical Society, Washington (1992)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  2. Christian, S.D., Scamehorn, J.F.: Solubilization in Surfactant Aggregates. Dekker, New York (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Sadaghiania, A.S., Khan, A.: Clouding of a nonionic surfactant: the effect of added surfactants on the cloud point. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 144, 191–200 (1991)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Koshy, L., Saiyad, A.H., Rakshit, A.K.: The effects of various foreign substances in the cloud point of Triton X 100 and Triton X 114. Colloid Polym. Sci. 274, 582–587 (1996)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Nakagawa, T.: Non-ionic Surfactants. Dekker, New York (1966)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Appell, J., Porte, G.: Cloud points in ionic surfactant solutions. J. Phys. (Paris) Lett. 44, 689–695 (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Kumar, S., Sharma, D., Kabir-ud-Din: Cloud point phenomenon in anionic surfactant + quaternary bromide systems and its variation with additives. Langmuir 16, 6821–6824 (2000)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Buckingham, S.A., Garvey, C.J., Warr, G.G.: Effect of head-group size on micellization and phase behavior in quaternary ammonium surfactant systems. J. Phys. Chem. 97, 10236–10244 (1993)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Paradies, H.H.: Shape and size of a nonionic surfactant micelle. Triton X-100 in aqueous solution. J. Phys. Chem. 84, 599–607 (1980)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Corti, M., Minero, C., Degiorgio, V.: Cloud point transition in nonionic micellar solutions. J. Phys. Chem. 88, 309–317 (1984)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Weckstrom, K., Zulauf, M.: Lower cosolute boundaries of a poly(oxyethylene) surfactant in aqueous solutions of monovalent salts. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. I, 81, 2947–2958 (1985)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Rupert, L.A.M.: A thermodynamic model of clouding in water/alcohol ethoxylate mixtures. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 153, 92–105 (1992)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Tasaki, K.: Poly(oxyethylene)- water interactions: a molecular dynamic study. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 118, 8459–8469 (1996)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Gu, T., Galera-Gomez, P.A.: The effect of different alcohols and other polar organic additives on the cloud point of Triton X-100 in water. Colloids Surf. A 147, 365–370 (1999)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Thuresson, K., Lindman, B.: Effect of hydrophobic modification of a nonionic cellulose derivative on the interaction with surfactants. Phase behavior and association. J. Phys. Chem. B 101, 6460–6468 (1997)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Schott, H., Royce, A.E., Han, S.K.: Effect of inorganic additives on solutions of nonionic surfactants: VII Cloud point shift values of individual ions. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 98, 196–201 (1984)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Joabsson, F., Rosen, O., Thuresson, K., Piculell, L., Lindman, B.: Phase behavior of a “clouding” nonionic polymer in water. Effects of hydrophobic modification and added surfactant on phase compositions. J. Phys. Chem. B 102, 2954–2959 (1998)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Bakshi, M.S., Kaur, N., Mahajan, R.K.: A comparative behavior of photophysical properties of pluronic F127 and Triton X-100 with conventional zwitterionic and anionic surfactants. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A, Chem. 183, 146–153 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Bakshi, M.S., Sachar, S., Singh, K., Shaheen, A.: Mixed micelle behavior of pluronic L64 and triton X-100 with conventional and dimeric cationic surfactants. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 286, 369–377 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Kabir-ud-Din, Khatoon, S., Naqvi, A.Z.: The effect of added salts and organics on the cloud point of TX-114. J. Dispers. Sci. Tech. 29, 485–491 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Hofmeister, F.: On the understanding of the effects of salts. On irregularities in the precipitating effect of salts and their relationship to their physical behavior. Arch. Exp. Pathol. Pharmakol. 24, 247–260 (1888)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Franks, F.: Water: A Comprehensive Treatise. Plenum, New York (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Hall, D.G.: Thermodynamics of solutions of interacting aggregates by methods similar to surface thermodynamics. Part 2. Solutions of non-associating macromolecules. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. II 70, 1526–1541 (1974)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Rosen, M.J.: Surfactants and Interfacial Phenomena. Wiley, New York (1989)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Nightangle, E.R. Jr.: Phenomenological theory of ion solvation. Effective radii of hydrated ions. J. Phys. Chem. 63, 1381–1387 (1959)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Zana, R., Benrraou, M., Rueff, R.: Alkanediyl-α,ω-bis(dimethylalkylammonium bromide) surfactants. 1. Effect of the spacer chain length on the critical micelle concentration and micelle ionization degree. Langmuir 7, 1072–1075 (1991)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. De, S., Aswal, V.K., Goyal, P.S., Bhattacharya, S.: Role of spacer chain length in dimeric micellar organization. Small angle neutron scattering and fluorescence studies. J. Phys. Chem. 100, 11664–11667 (1996)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. De Salvo Souza, L., Corti, M., Cantu, L., Degiorgio, V.: Observation of a vanishing miscibility loop in the phase diagram of solutions of a mixed non-ionic-ionic amphiphile. Chem. Phys. Lett. 131, 160–164 (1986)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Valaulikar, B.S., Manohar, C.: The mechanism of clouding in Triton X-100: the effect of additives. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 108, 403–406 (1985)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Lindman, B., Wennerstrom, H.: Micelles. Amphiphile aggregation in aqueous solution. Top. Curr. Chem. 87, 1–83 (1980)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India

    Andleeb Z. Naqvi, Suraiya Khatoon &  Kabir-ud-Din

Authors
  1. Andleeb Z. Naqvi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Suraiya Khatoon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Kabir-ud-Din
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kabir-ud-Din.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Naqvi, A.Z., Khatoon, S. & Kabir-ud-Din Phase Separation Phenomenon in Non-ionic Surfactant TX-114 Micellar Solutions: Effect of Added Surfactants and Polymers. J Solution Chem 40, 643–655 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10953-011-9671-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10953-011-9671-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation