Abstract
We address a minimal model to describe the charge degree of freedom in the CuO2 planes with the on-site Hilbert space reduced to only a charge triplet of the three effective valence centers, nominally Cu1+;2+;3+, and made use of the S = 1 pseudospin formalism. The 2D S = 1 pseudospin system is prone to a creation of different topological structures which form topologically protected inhomogeneous distributions of the eight local S = 1 pseudospin order parameters including charge density and superfluid order parameters. We focus on the so-called quadrupole skyrmion which is believed to be a candidate for a topological charge excitation in parent or underdoped cuprates. Puzzlingly, such an unconventional structure is characterized by a uniform distribution of the mean on-site charge that makes the quadrupole skyrmion texture to be invisible for X-rays. We suppose that the parent insulating antiferromagnetic cuprates may be unstable with regard to nucleation of topological defects in the unconventional form of the one- or multi-center skyrmion-like object with ring-shaped superfluid regions.
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Acknowledgements
One of the authors (ASM) would like to thank A. Bianconi, R. Micnas, A. Menushenkov, and S.-L. Drechsler for helpful discussions. .
Funding
The work was supported by Act 211 Government of the Russian Federation, agreement No 02.A03.21.0006, and by the Ministry of Education and Science, projects 2277 and 5719
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Moskvin, A.S., Panov, Y.D. Topological Structures in a Model Cuprate. J Supercond Nov Magn 31, 677–682 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-017-4352-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-017-4352-6