Abstract
The classical second law of thermodynamics demands that an isolated system evolves with a nondiminishing entropy. This holds as well in quantum mechanics if the evolution of the energy-isolated system can be described by a unital quantum channel. At the same time, the entropy of a system evolving via a nonunital channel can, in principle, decrease. Here, we analyze the behavior of entropy in the context of the H-theorem. As exemplary phenomena, we discuss the action of a Maxwell demon (MD) operating a qubit and the processes of heating and cooling in a two-qubit system. Further we discuss how small initial correlations between a quantum system and a reservoir affect the entropy increase during the quantum-system evolution.
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Kirsanov, N.S., Lebedev, A.V., Suslov, M.V. et al. Entropy Dynamics in the System of Interacting Qubits. J Russ Laser Res 39, 120–127 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10946-018-9698-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10946-018-9698-0