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An efficient removal of malachite green dye from aqueous environment using ZSM-5 zeolite/polyvinyl alcohol/carboxymethyl cellulose/sodium alginate bio composite

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Abstract

In this work, we examined ZSM-5 zeolite loaded polyvinyl alcohol-carboxymethyl cellulose-sodium alginate (PVA/CMC/SA) membrane for cationic dye (malachite green, MG) removal from aqueous environment. The crystallinity, chemical composition, surface morphology, hydrophilicity and thermal property of PVA/CMC/SA/ZSM-5 membrane was evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical microscopy (OM), contact angle and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) respectively. The successful incorporation of zeolite into PVA/CMC/SA membrane was confirmed by XRD, FT IR and SEM. TGA and contact angle measurement indicates that zeolite loaded PVA/CMC/SA membrane showed superior thermal stability and hydrophobicity than plain PVA/CMC/SA membrane. A series of adsorption studies was conducted to evaluate the influence of operational parameters such as initial dye concentration, zeolite dosage, contact time, temperature and pH on the dye (MG) adsorption behaviour of the prepared membrane. A maximum dye removal percentage (99.12%) was achieved at an initial dye concentration of 10 ppm, zeolite dosage-5 wt%, pH = 10 and temperature-25 °C. The kinetic studies revealed that adsorption of MG on PVA/CMC/SA/ZSM-5 membrane follows pseudo-second-order model while Freundlich isotherm model was founded to be the best isotherm model to describe the adsorption process. The results thus indicate a multilayer adsorption of MG on PVA/CMC/SA/ZSM-5 membrane. Finally, the recyclability test revealed that the membrane exhibits good recycle efficiency and is stable after 5 recycle.

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Acknowledgements

Authors gratefully thanks the Centre of Innovation in Design and Engineering for Manufacturing (CoI- DEM), KMUTNB, Thailand for characterization facilities to carry out this study. The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Malinee Sriariyanum for the great assistance in Antibacterial studies, tests in Bioprocess Engineering Laboratory, TGGS. The study was financially supported by the King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB), Thailand through the Post-Doctoral Program (Grant No. KMUTNB-63-Post-03 to SR) and (Grant No. KMUTNB-64-KNOW-001, KMUTNB-BasicR-64-16).

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  1. Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, The Sirindhorn International Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering (TGGS), King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, 1518 Wongsawang Road, Bangsue, Bangkok, 10800, Thailand

    Sabarish Radoor, Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai & Suchart Siengchin

  2. Government Women’s Polytechnic College, Calicut, Kerala, India

    Jasila Karayil

  3. School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, P.D. Hills (P.O.), Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India

    Aswathy Jayakumar

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  1. Sabarish Radoor
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  2. Jasila Karayil
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  3. Aswathy Jayakumar
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  4. Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai
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  5. Suchart Siengchin
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Radoor, S., Karayil, J., Jayakumar, A. et al. An efficient removal of malachite green dye from aqueous environment using ZSM-5 zeolite/polyvinyl alcohol/carboxymethyl cellulose/sodium alginate bio composite. J Polym Environ 29, 2126–2139 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-020-02024-y

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