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Synthesis of Cross-linked Carboxyl Modified Polyvinyl Alcohol and its Application in Selective Adsorption Separation of Cu(II) from Cd(II) and Ni(II)

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Abstract

A cross-linked copolymer (XL-P(AA-co-VAc)) of vinyl acetate and acrylic acid was prepared using azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and N,N’-methylenebisacrylamide as crosslinker. Then, XL-P(AA-co-VAc) was reacted with ethanol to prepare a crosslinked carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol (XL-P(AA-co-VA)). The as-prepared XL-P(AA-CO-VA) hydrogel was characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM and BET, and investigated as an selective heavy metal ion adsorbent. The adsorption characteristics of the XL-P(AA-CO-VA) hydrogel were studied with a aqueous solution containing ternary metal ions Cu(II), Cd(II) and Ni(II). It was found that XL-P(AA-CO-VA) can selectively adsorb Cu(II) in competition with Cd(II) and Ni(II), and the selectivity coefficients of 48 (βCu(II)/Cd(II)) and 80 (βCu(II)/Ni(II)) were obtained. The kinetics were demonstrated to match well with the pseudo-second order kinetics model with the rate constants (K2, g/(mg•min)) of 3.71✕10− 4, 0.0011 and 0.0015 for Cu(II), Cd(II) and Ni(II), respectively. The equilibrium adsorption of Cu(II) to the XL-P(AA-CO-VA) hydrogel follows the Langmuir adsorption model with qmax of 41.27 mg/g and KL of 0.94 L/mg. The thermodynamic studies indicate that ΔG0 was negative and increased with temperature, and the adsorption process of XL-P(AA-CO-VA) for Cu(II) ion was spontaneous and exothermic. ΔH and ΔS were − 56.57 kJ/mol and − 171.18 J·(mol·K)−1, respectively. The XL-P(AA-CO-VA) hydrogel is of interest for the selective separation of Cu(II) from industrial wastewater containing Cd(II) and Ni(II).

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Acknowledgements

We thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51674117, 21706059), the Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China’s Hunan Province (No. 2020JJ4332, 2018JJ3206), Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department (No. 18B354, 16K036, 15B101), and the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students in Hunan Province of China (No. S201910543032). Thanks to the Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Advanced Carbon-based Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, 414006, China. Hunan Province (Xiangcai Construction (2019) 0011).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, 414006, Yueyang, Hunan Province, China

    Lelin Zeng, Feixiang Zhou, Wanyun Xie, Guoxiang Wang, Caixia Yang, Enxiang Liang & Wenyuan Xu

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium

    Lelin Zeng & Bart Van der Bruggen

  3. Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geoscience, TU Delft, Delft, Netherlands

    Rong Hu

  4. Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, 0001, Pretoria, South Africa

    Bart Van der Bruggen

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  1. Lelin Zeng
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Zeng, L., Zhou, F., Hu, R. et al. Synthesis of Cross-linked Carboxyl Modified Polyvinyl Alcohol and its Application in Selective Adsorption Separation of Cu(II) from Cd(II) and Ni(II). J Polym Environ 29, 28–37 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-020-01847-z

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