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Degradation of Styrenic Plastics During Recycling: Impact of Reprocessing Photodegraded Material on Aspect and Mechanical Properties

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Abstract

The major technical limitations in polymer recycling are their incompatibility between each other and their ageing. In this study, impact reinforced styrenics, namely HIPS and ABS, were evaluated in the scope of their alterations through recycling photooxidized material. In this purpose, plates were photodegraded in both natural and accelerated conditions. FTIR-ATR was used to monitor their ageing. After the desired ageing durations, plates were ground, extruded and injected into ISO1 dumbbell tensile test specimens to simulate recycling of degraded polymers. Strong interactions were observed between photooxidation and polymer processing through photometry measures, associated color changes, tensile and impact properties. It was noticed that unaged materials displayed only moderated alterations through recycling. Because of their close chemistry, HIPS and ABS share several modifications but ABS was less altered and mainly impact properties were affected. HIPS and ABS difference of sensibilities could be rooted in PB phases different morphologies and grafting between the two materials.

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Abbreviations

ABS:

Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene

Aext:

Reextruded samples from accelerated ageing

AN:

Acrylonitrile

ASA:

Acrylonitrile styrene acrylic rubber

ATR:

Attenuated total reflection

CRI:

Color Rendering Index

CRT:

Cathodic ray tube

FTIR:

Fourier transform infrared

GPPS:

General purpose polystyrene

HIPS:

High impact polystyrene

LED:

Light-emitting diodes

Next:

Reextruded samples from natural ageing

NIR-HSI:

Near-infrared hyperspectral imagery

PB:

Polybutadiene

PS:

Polystyrene

SAN:

Styrene acrylonitrile

V:

Virgin samples

Vext:

Reextruded unaged samples

UV:

Ultraviolet

WEEE or W3E:

Waste of electrical and electronic equipment

WEEP:

WEEE plastics

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Benjamin Gallard, Robert Lorquet, Alexandre Cheron, Romain Ravel and Alain Diaz for technical support, respectively for polymer processing, spectroscopy, mechanical and rheological testing, accelerated ageing and handiwork. Pierre-Alain Ayral, Brahim Mazian and Jean-Francois Didon-Lescotthe from the Saint-Christol-lez-Alès weather station for their support in meteorological monitoring. Solange Madec, Danièle Larroze, Lydie Baroni and Sylvie Beuhorry are acknowledged for administrative support. Pellenc ST and Suez are gratefully acknowledged for partnership in this work.

Funding

This work was supported by BPI France via the FUI 20 (Fonds Unique Interministériel) grant and Suez internship funding.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Polymers Composites and Hybrids (PCH), IMT Mines Ales, Alès, France

    Charles Signoret, Marie Edo, José-Marie Lopez-Cuesta & Didier Perrin

  2. LMGC, IMT Mines Ales, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Alès, France

    Anne-Sophie Caro-Bretelle & Patrick Ienny

  3. Euromov Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, CNRS, Alès, France

    Dominique Lafon

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  1. Charles Signoret
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Appendix

Appendix

See Figs. 21, 22, 23, and 24.

Fig. 21
figure 21

Relative humidity and rain monitoring on natural ageing period—purple arrows correspond to ageing durations for mechanical recycling

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Fig. 22
figure 22

Tensile tests curves—ISO 527, 10 mm/min—accelerated and natural ageing—5 specimens/batch for HIPS, 10 for ABS

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Fig. 23
figure 23

Notched Charpy impact tests curves—ISO 179 1eA—HIPS & ABS—accelerated and natural ageing—5 specimens/batch

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Fig. 24
figure 24

Unnotched Charpy impact tests curves—ISO 179 1eA—accelerated and natural ageing—10 specimens/batch for HIPS, 5 for ABS

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Signoret, C., Edo, M., Lafon, D. et al. Degradation of Styrenic Plastics During Recycling: Impact of Reprocessing Photodegraded Material on Aspect and Mechanical Properties. J Polym Environ 28, 2055–2077 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-020-01741-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-020-01741-8

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