Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Recycling of Chrome Plated ABS Parts Pickled with Nitric Acid Free Solution

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Polymers and the Environment Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

One of the barriers to the recycling of chrome plated acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) is the degradation caused by the solution containing nitric acid used in the pickling of the metal layer. In this study, defective chrome plated ABS parts were pickled in a solution composed of lactic and sulfuric acids and hydrogen peroxide, and recycled by injection molding with different proportions of virgin ABS. The influence of pickled ABS on the chemical composition, thermal and mechanical properties of the samples was evaluated. The samples were chrome plated and characterized by visual inspection and adhesion tests. A slight yellowing of the virgin ABS/pickled ABS samples was observed due to the degradation of butadiene component. The thermal and mechanical properties were similar to those of virgin ABS. After the new chrome plating, all samples were approved in the adhesion tests, demonstrating that pickled ABS can be recycled by injection molding and chrome plating.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Vidal R, Alberola-Borràs J-A, Gómez-Cordón J, Moliner E, Ortega A, Verdejo E (2016) LCA to evaluate the environmental impact for chemical pre-treatment in plastics metallization. J Polym Environ 25:961–972

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Kurek AP, Dotto MER, Araújo PHH, Sellin N (2017) Evaluation of the etching and chrome plating on the ABS, PVC, and PVC/ABS blends surface. J Appl Polym Sci 134:44571–44581

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Oliveira S, Muralidhara HB, Ventatesh K, Gopalakrishna K, Vivek CS (2016) Plating on acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) plastic: a review. J Mater Sci 51:3657–3674

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Bernal CR, Frontini PM, Sforza M, Bibbó MA (1995) Microstructure, deformation, and fracture behavior of commercial ABS resins. J Appl Polym Sci 58:1–10

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Jar PYB, Creagh DC, Konishi K, Shinmura TJ (2002) Mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms in high thermal resistant poly(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) under static tension and Izod impact. Appl Polym Sci 85:17–24

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Feng J, Carpanese C, Fina A (2016) Thermal decomposition investigation of ABS containing Lewis-acid type metal salts. Polym Degrad Stab 129:319–327

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Teixeira LA, Santini MCJ (2005) Surface conditioning of ABS for metallization without the use of chromium baths. J Mater Process Technol 170:37–41

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Kurek AP, Moll RG, Herbst G, Dotto MER, Sellin N (2017) Reprocessing of chromed ABS parts with chemical pickling and new chrome plating. J Appl Polym Sci 135:1–10

    Google Scholar 

  9. Nagashima T, Akiyama H, Namihira T, Katsuki S (2009) Recycle of metal-plating on plastics by pulse arc discharge. J Plasma Fusion Res 8:1471–1476

    Google Scholar 

  10. Kurek AP, Ranzan T, Cardoso IN, Dotto MER, Balzer PS, Sellin N (2019) Recycling by injection and chrome plating of acrylonitrile-butadiene- styrene parts pickled in hydrochloric and nitric acids. J Appl Polym Sci. https://doi.org/10.1002/APP.48372

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Bai X, Isaac DH, Smith K (2007) Reprocessing acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene plastics: structure–property relationships. Polym Eng Sci 47:120–130

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Scaffaro R, Botta L, Di Benedetto G (2012) Physical properties of virginrecycled ABS blends: effect of post-consumer content and of reprocessing cycles. Eur Polym J 48:637–648

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Rahimi M, Esfahanian M, Moradi M (2014) Effect of reprocessing on shrinkage and mechanical properties of ABSand investigating the proper blend of virgin and recycled ABS ininjection molding. J Mater Process Technol 214:2359–2365

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Triantou IM, Tarantili PA, Andreopoulos AG (2015) Melt processing and property testing of a model system of plastics contained in waste from electrical and electronic equipment. Waste Manag Res 33:453–459

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Material Data Center. Datasheet of Terluran® GP-35—ABS—INEOS Styrolution Europe GmbH. https://www.materialdatacenter.com/ms/en/Terluran/BASF+SE/Terluran%C2%AE+GP-35/d4a7a7cd/367. Accessed 23 Dec 2019

  16. ABS Chemical Resistance Guide (2009) Thermoplastics: acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) for pressure applications.   1st ed., Ipex Marketing, Mississauga, ON. http://www.ipexna.com/media/1693/abs-chemical-resistance-guide.pdf. Accessed 23 Dec 2019

  17. Val-matic chemical resistance guide for valves (2018) Val-matic Valve & Mfg. Corp. https://www.valmatic.com/Portals/0/pdfs/ChemicalResistanceGuide_6-18.pdf. Accessed 23 Dec 2019

  18. The Hendrix Group: Materials & Corrosion Engineers, Corrosion and Resistance of Copper and Copper Alloys (2018). http://hghouston.com/resources/material-property-data/copper-and-copper-alloys/copper-corrosion-resistance-data. Accessed 23 Dec 2019

  19. ASTM D638-14 (2014) Standard test method for tensile properties of plastics. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA. https://www.astm.org

  20. ASTM D256-06a (2006) Standard test methods for determining the izod pendulum impact resistance of plastics. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA. https://www.astm.org

  21. ASTM D2240-15 (2015) Standard Test Method for Rubber Property-Durometer Hardness. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA. https://www.astm.org

  22. ASTM B604-91 (2015) Standard Specification for Decorative Electroplated Coatings of Copper Plus Nickel Plus Chromium on Plastics. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA. https://www.astm.org

  23. ASTM D 3359 (2017) Standard Test Methods for Rating Adhesion by Tape Test, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA. https://www.astm.org

  24. ABNT NBR 10283 (2018) Surface coatings of plumbing metal and plastics—requirements and test methods. ABNT—Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas. http://www.abnt.org.br/

  25. Arostegui A, Sarrionandia M, Aurrekoetxea J, Urrutibeascoa I (2006) Effect of dissolution-based recycling on the degradation and the mechanical properties of acrylonitrileebutadieneestyrene copolymer. Polym Degrad Stab 91:2768–2774

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Tiganis BE, Burn LS (1999) The effects of heat aging on acrylonitrile-butadienestyrene (ABS) blends. Durability of Build. Mat Comp 8:912–922

    Google Scholar 

  27. Bockria JG, Schlik S (2002) Spatial effects in the photodegradation of poly(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene): a study by ATR-FTIR. Polym 43:3239–3246

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Davis P, Tiganis BE, Burn LS (2004) The effect of photo-oxidative degradation on fracture in ABS pipe resins. Polym Degrad Stab 84:233–242

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Wang J, Li Y, Song J, He M, Song J, Xia K (2015) Recycling of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) copolymers from waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE), through using an epoxy-based chain extender. Polym Degrad Stab 112:167–174

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Karahaliou EK, Tarantili PA (2009) Stability of ABS compounds subjected to repeated cycles of extrusion processing. Polym Eng Sci 49:2269–2275

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Yousefi M, Salavati-Niasari N, Gholamian F, Ghanbari D, Aminifazi A (2011) Polymeric nanocomposite materials: Synthesis and thermal degradation of acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene/tin sulfide (ABS/SnS). Inorg Chim Acta 371:1–5

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Boldizar A, Moller K (2003) Degradation of ABS during repeated processing and accelerated ageing. Polym Degrad Stab 81:359–366

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Authors are grateful to galvanic company Sigmacrom which allowed the use of the pickling and chrome plating processes in their production line, Tigre company for injection process, and the financial support of FAP-UNIVILLE and CAPES.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Joinville Region - UNIVILLE, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10, Campus Universitário, Zona Industrial, Joinville, Santa Catarina State, 89219 710, Brazil

    Isabel Narloch Cardoso & Noeli Sellin

  2. Graduate Program in Process Engineering, University of Joinville Region - UNIVILLE, Joinville, Santa Catarina State, Brazil

    Taise Ranzan, Ana Paula Kurek & Noeli Sellin

Authors
  1. Isabel Narloch Cardoso
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Taise Ranzan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ana Paula Kurek
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Noeli Sellin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Noeli Sellin.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Cardoso, I.N., Ranzan, T., Kurek, A.P. et al. Recycling of Chrome Plated ABS Parts Pickled with Nitric Acid Free Solution. J Polym Environ 28, 826–833 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-019-01645-2

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-019-01645-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation