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Prolactin Regulation of Mammary Gland Development

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Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Mammary morphogenesis is orchestrated with other reproductive events by pituitary-driven changes to the systemic hormone environment, initiating the formation of a mammary ductal network during puberty and the addition of secretory alveoli during pregnancy. Prolactin is the major driver of development during pregnancy via regulation of ovarian progesterone production (in many species) and direct effects on mammary epithelial cells (in all species). Together these hormones regulate two aspects of development that are the subject of intense interest: (1) a genomic regulatory network that integrates many additional spatial and temporal cues to control gene expression and (2), the activity of a stem and progenitor cell hierarchy. Amalgamation of these two aspects will increase our understanding of cell proliferation and differentiation within the mammary gland, with clear application to our attempts to control breast cancer. Here we focus on providing an over-view of prolactin action during development of the model murine mammary gland.

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Abbreviations

Blg:

β-lactoglobulin

BrdU:

5-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine

CALLA:

membrane metallo-endopeptidase

Cdc6:

cell division cycle 6 homolog (S. cerevisiae)

Cis:

cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein

dpc:

days post-coitus

dpp:

day post-partum

Er:

estrogen receptor

Elf5:

E74-like factor 5

Egf:

epidermal growth factor

Egfr:

epidermal growth factor receptor

Erbb4/Her4:

v-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 4/Hairy-related 4

FACS:

fluorescence activated cell sorting

Fak:

focal adhesion kinase

Gal:

galanin

Gata3:

GATA binding protein 3

GH:

growth hormone

GnRH:

gonadotropin-releasing hormone

Igf2:

insulin growth factor 2

Jak2:

Janus kinase 2

LH:

leutinising hormone

Mcmd:

mini chromosome maintenance deficient homolog (S. cerevisiae)

MEC:

mammary epithelial cell

MMTV:

mouse mammary tumor virus

MUC1:

mucin 1

PgR:

progesterone receptor

Prl:

prolactin

Prlr:

prolactin receptor

Rank:

receptor activator of NF-κB

RankL:

receptor activator of NF-κB-ligand

Socs:

suppressor of cytokine signaling

Srebf/Srebp1:

sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1

Stat5:

signal transducer and activator of transcription 5

TDLU:

terminal ductal lobular units

Tgfβ:

transforming growth factor beta

Wap:

whey acidic protein

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Development group, Cancer Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia

    Samantha R. Oakes, Renee L. Rogers, Matthew J. Naylor & Christopher J. Ormandy

  2. St. Vincent’s Hospital Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia

    Matthew J. Naylor & Christopher J. Ormandy

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  1. Samantha R. Oakes
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  2. Renee L. Rogers
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  3. Matthew J. Naylor
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  4. Christopher J. Ormandy
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Correspondence to Christopher J. Ormandy.

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Samantha R. Oakes and Renee L. Rogers contributed equally to this work.

Financial Support: Australian Research Council, National Health and Medical Research Council, The Cancer Institute NSW and Cancer Council NSW.

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Oakes, S.R., Rogers, R.L., Naylor, M.J. et al. Prolactin Regulation of Mammary Gland Development. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 13, 13–28 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10911-008-9069-5

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