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Maintenance of Cell Type Diversification in the Human Breast

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Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Recent genome-wide expression analysis of breast cancer has brought new life to the classical idea of tumors as caricatures of the process of tissue renewal as envisioned by Pierce and Speers (Cancer Res 1988;48:1996–2004) more than a decade ago. The search for a cancer founder cell or different cancer founder cells is only possible if a hierarchy of differentiation has been established for the particular tissue in question. In the human breast, the luminal epithelial and myoepithelial lineages have been characterized extensively in situ by increasingly elaborate panel of markers, and methods to isolate, culture, and clone different subpopulations have improved dramatically. Comparisons have been made with the mouse mammary gland in physiological three-dimensional culture assays of morphogenesis, and the plasticity of breast epithelial cells has been challenged by immortalization and transformation. As a result of these efforts, several candidate progenitor cells have been proposed independently of each other, and some of their features have been compared. This research has all been done to better understand breast tissue homeostasis, cell-type diversification in general and breast cancer evolution in particular. The present review discusses the current approaches to address these issues and the measures taken to unravel and maintain cell type diversification for further investigation.

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Abbreviations

TDLU:

terminal duct lobular unit

ESA:

epithelial specific antigen

CK:

cytokeratin

CALLA:

common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen

α-SMA:

α-smooth muscle actin

SP:

side population

SLC:

small light cell

ULLC:

undifferentiated large light cell

DLLC:

differentiated large light cell

LDC:

large dark cell

rBM:

reconstituted basement membrane

ERα:

estrogen receptor-α

PR:

progesterone receptor

Msi-1:

Musashi-1

3D:

three-dimensional

HPV-16:

human papilloma virus-16

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Structural Cell Biology Unit, Institute of Medical Anatomy, The Panum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Agla Jael Rubner Fridriksdottir, René Villadsen & Ole William Petersen

  2. Molecular and Cell Biology Research Laboratory, Icelandic Cancer Society, Reykjavik, Iceland

    Thorarinn Gudjonsson

  3. Faculty of Medical Science, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland

    Thorarinn Gudjonsson

  4. Structural Cell Biology Unit, Institute of Medical Anatomy, The Panum Institute, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark

    Ole William Petersen

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  1. Agla Jael Rubner Fridriksdottir
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  2. René Villadsen
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  4. Ole William Petersen
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Correspondence to Ole William Petersen.

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Fridriksdottir, A.J.R., Villadsen, R., Gudjonsson, T. et al. Maintenance of Cell Type Diversification in the Human Breast. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 10, 61–74 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10911-005-2541-6

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