Abstract
Flexible MnO2–CNTs–cellophane electrode was easily fabricated via addition of NaHCO3 in matrix of manganese dioxide-carbon nanotubes-cellophane composite followed by selective etching of NaHCO3 in acidic solution to produce a porous network structure as result of CO2 (g) bubbling. Under the optimized mass loading, the flexible-porous electrode presented favorite electrochemical capacitance behavior with the areal capacitance of 121 and 55.5 mF cm−2 at the current density of 0.6 mA cm−2 in 1.0 M H2SO4 and Na2SO4 electrolytes, respectively. A symmetric all-solid-state supercapacitor assembled with the flexible MnO2/CNTs/cellophane electrode showed a wide working voltage (2.0 V), a high areal capacitance of 82.5 mF cm−2 at a current density of 2.0 mA cm−2, favorite flexibility and good cycling stability (83% after 2000 cycles at a current density of 2.0 mA cm−2). Therefore, such a simple and scalable procedure to produce flexible supercapacitor device based MnO2–CNTs composite is offering for future flexible energy storage systems.
Graphic Abstract
Flexible solid-state supercapacitor device based on MnO2–CNTs–cellophane electrode.
![](http://media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10904-020-01546-1/MediaObjects/10904_2020_1546_Figa_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10904-020-01546-1/MediaObjects/10904_2020_1546_Sch1_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10904-020-01546-1/MediaObjects/10904_2020_1546_Fig1_HTML.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10904-020-01546-1/MediaObjects/10904_2020_1546_Fig2_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10904-020-01546-1/MediaObjects/10904_2020_1546_Fig3_HTML.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10904-020-01546-1/MediaObjects/10904_2020_1546_Fig4_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10904-020-01546-1/MediaObjects/10904_2020_1546_Fig5_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10904-020-01546-1/MediaObjects/10904_2020_1546_Fig6_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10904-020-01546-1/MediaObjects/10904_2020_1546_Fig7_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10904-020-01546-1/MediaObjects/10904_2020_1546_Fig8_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10904-020-01546-1/MediaObjects/10904_2020_1546_Fig9_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10904-020-01546-1/MediaObjects/10904_2020_1546_Fig10_HTML.png)
Similar content being viewed by others
References
C. Nitin, L. Chao, M. Julian, N. Narasimha, Z. Lei, J. Yeonwoong, T. Jayan, Adv. Mater. 29(21), 1605336 (2017)
J. Yesuraj, O. Padmaraj, S. Austin Suthanthiraraj, J. Inorg, P. Organomet, J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym. Mater. (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-019-01189-x
W. Jia-Wei, Ch Ya, Ch Bai-Zhen, J. Alloy. Compd 688, 184–197 (2016)
S. Sanjit, J. Wooree, M.C. Naresh, K. Hyeyoung, K. Tapas, Chem. Sel. 4(2), 589–599 (2019)
L. Zijian, Zh Qin, B. Yunfei, Adv. Mater. Interfaces 5(14), 1800438 (2018)
Z. Ghebache, F. Hamidouche, Z. Safidine, M. Trari, B. Bellal, J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym. Mater. 29, 1548–1558 (2019)
Zh Huajun, W. Jiaoxia, J. Yi, M. Chun'an, J. Power, Sources 216, 508–514 (2012)
Zh Jinhui, W. Yanhui, Z. Jianbing, X. Guoxiang, J. Huiying, Y. Yungang, Mater. Chem. Phys S 143(2), 595–599 (2014)
X. Ying, Z. Qiang, Y. Jun, W. Tong, F. Zhuangjun, W. Fei, Mater Chem. Phys. 684, 32–37 (2012)
R.T. Vinny, K. Chaitra, K. Venkatesh, N. Nagaraju, N. Kathyayini, J. Power, Sources 309, 212–220 (2016)
Y. Jun, F. Zhuangjun, W. Tong, Ch Jie, Sh Bo, W. Kai, S. Liping, Zh Milin, J. Power, Sources 194(2), 1202–1207 (2009)
K.P. Meenu, L.M. Lekshmi, M.P. Anjana, B.R. Raghavan, Chem. Sel. 3(11), 3234–3240 (2018)
J. Ye, D. Shi, Z. Yang, M. Chen, Polym. Sci. Ser. A 60, 647–654 (2018)
L. Xinhua, W. Guangyong, W. Xiaowei, L. Xiaoping, J. Junhui, J. Mater. Chem 1(35), 10103–10106 (2013)
L. Guo-Xian, H. Peng-Xiang, L. Jian, L. Jin-Cheng, L. Xin, W. Han, Sh Chao, L. Chang, Ch Hui-Ming, Carbon 140, 634–643 (2018)
Zh Jinhui, W. Yanhui, Z. Jianbing, X. Guoxiang, Y. Yungang, Q. Xuanhui, Carbon 50(14), 5196–5202 (2012)
L. Shengnan, L. Dagang, Appl. Surf. Sci 398, 33–42 (2017)
Ch Shu-Lei, W. Jia-Zhao, Ch Sau-Yen, L. Hua-Kun, D. Shi-Xue. Electrochem. Commun 10(11), 1724–1727 (2008)
J. Chung-Hwan, K. Kwang, J. Sensor, Actuat. A-Phys. 112(1), 107–115 (2004)
W. Ke, G. Shan, D. Zhaolong, Y. Anbao, L. Wei, Ch Liwei, J. Power, Sources 305, 30–36 (2016)
Zh Hongyan, Q. Chunhong, D. XiaoJun, Zh Hui, Zh Yu, M. Tiehua, S. Youyi, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy 44, 17544–17550 (2019)
L. Xianbin, L. Changgan, X. Zechen, Z. Shuai, L. Kaixi, Y. Yanhong, L. Tongxiang, W. Zipping, ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 2, 3185–3193 (2019)
L. Hongjiang, L. Xiaodong, W. Weiyan, H. Jinhua, L. Jia, H. Shiqiang, F. Bing, F. Junfeng, S. Weijie, Sol. Energy 188, 158–163 (2019)
W. Yaohui, Zh Igor, Langmuir 25(17), 9684–9689 (2009)
W. Jia-Wei, Y. Chen, B.Z. Chen, J. Alloys Compd 688, 184–197 (2016)
Sh Xiaogang, L. Yang, Ch Rongsheng, N. Hongwei, Zh Weiting, Zh Bowei, Zh Feng, D. Shan, Electrochim. Acta 278, 61–71 (2018)
F. Zhimin, Zh Jianpeng, S. Xinghui, Ch Zhongjun, L. Yuyan, W. Youshan, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 9(26), 21763–21772 (2017)
K. Yu Jin, Y. Yongju, K. Woong, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 8(22), 13909–13917 (2017)
C. Quanhong, L. Lemei, Q. Huijie, S. Liman, Z. Yiwen, S. Wangzhou, H. Lei, ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 2(9), 6790–6799 (2019)
Acknowledgements
The authors wish to express thanks to the office of vice chancellor of research of Urmia University for the financial support.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Rostami, R., Faraji, M. Porous MnO2–CNTs–Cellophane Nanocomposite for High-Voltage Flexible Supercapacitors. J Inorg Organomet Polym 30, 3438–3447 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-020-01546-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-020-01546-1