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Stability Enhancement of Silver Nanoparticles Through Surface Encapsulation via a Facile Green Synthesis Approach and Toxicity Reduction

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Abstract

Persuaded by the necessity of reduction of toxicity, silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) were synthesized from the reaction between AgNO3 solution and Mizuna (Brassica rapa var. japonica) leaf extract. This study aimed to investigate the role of synthesis temperature on particle properties. Thus, four synthesis-temperatures, 25 °C (room temperature), 60 °C, 80 °C, and 100 °C were applied. Ag-NPs were characterized using ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectrophotometer, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer, X-ray diffractometer, transmission electron microscope, atomic absorption spectrometry and dynamic light scattering techniques. The high-temperature (80 and 100 °C) synthesis showed higher stability, demostrated lowest release of silver ion (0.02 µg/mL, 0.002 µg/mL) compared to low-temperature synthesis. In addition, high-temperature synthesis showed higher C-content (> 50%) with lower Ag-content (< 30%) than low-temperature (25 and 60 °C) synthesis. Moreover, a complete surface encapsulation is found on the particles synthesised at 100 °C by TEM analysis. The synthesized Ag-NPs were exposed to Caco-2 cell lines for cytotoxicity assessment. The high-temperature synthesis Ag-NPs exerted significantly lower cytotoxicity in terms of Caco-2 cell viability and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity assay. Upon exposure to 1, 5 and 10 µg/mL Ag-NPs for 48 h the cell viability (96.33%, 90.66% and 89.66%) was not changed for high-temperature synthesis particles as well as the LDH activity was unchanged. However, low-temperature synthesis showed significant cytotoxicity (81%, 66% and 44.33%) under similar experimental conditions. Thus, characterization and cytotoxicity techniques clearly demonstrate the successful synthesis of Ag-NPs with the encapsulation of bio-molecules that enhances the particle stability and reduce cytotoxicity.

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Acknowledgements

We are humbly showing our gratitude to Ms. Miyako Komori, Prof. Kamiya and Dr. Parvin Begum for giving instrumental support during experiments. We are also showing our appreciation to the ‘Hokkaido University Innovation Research Organization Nanotechnology Integrated Research’ for giving us experimental support with their facilities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan

    Mahmuda Akter, Md. Shiblur Rahaman & Masaaki Kurasaki

  2. Nanoscience and Technology Research Laboratory, Atomic Energy Centre, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh

    A. K. M. Atique Ullah

  3. Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Md. Mostafizur Rahman

  4. Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Md. Tajuddin Sikder

  5. Research Division of Higher Education, Institute for the Advancement of Higher Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0817, Japan

    Toshiyuki Hosokawa

  6. Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

    Takeshi Saito

  7. Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 10, Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan

    Masaaki Kurasaki

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  1. Mahmuda Akter
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Akter, M., Ullah, A.K.M.A., Rahaman, M.S. et al. Stability Enhancement of Silver Nanoparticles Through Surface Encapsulation via a Facile Green Synthesis Approach and Toxicity Reduction. J Inorg Organomet Polym 30, 1956–1965 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-019-01373-z

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