Abstract
Nanostructured tin dioxide (SnO2) was prepared by hydrothermal reverse microemulsion. The typical quaternary microemulsion was formed with surfactant cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide, cosurfactant n-pentanol, n-hexane, and water. Tin chloride and urea was used as the starting material to synthesize SnO2 nanoparticles under hydrothermal conditions. After that, pyrrole monomer was added into the reverse microemulsion system and polymerized at 0 °C using ferric chloride (FeCl3) as the oxidant to synthesize SnO2/polypyrrole nanocomposites. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), UV–Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The XRD patterns suggested that polypyrrole (PPy) did not modify the crystal structure of SnO2. The particle size of SnO2 and SnO2/PPy was calculated by XRD as 3.9 and 3.6 nm, respectively. FT-IR and UV–Vis spectra proved that SnO2 was successfully enwrapped by PPy with an interaction between them. TEM and SEM analysis showed that SnO2 was enwrapped in micro-porous PPy. However, the diameter of the composites observed by TEM and SEM images was increased compared with the results calculated by XRD due to the agglomeration of nanoparticles.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
S. Chappel, S. Chen, A. Zaban, Langmuir 18, 3336 (2002)
S. Wang, J. Huang, Y. Zhao, S. Wang, X. Wang, T. Zhang, S. Wu, S. Zhang, W. Huang, J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem. 259, 245 (2006)
D. Leem, J. Song, H. Hong, J.S. Kwak, Y. Park, T. Seong, Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 7, 219 (2004)
Y. Gao, S. Wang, L. Kang, Z. Chen, J. Du, X. Liu, H. Luo, M. Kanehira, Energy Environ. Sci. 5, 8234 (2012)
E.R. Leite, I.T. Weber, E. Longo, J.A. Varela, Adv. Mater. 12, 965 (2000)
Y. Sun, X. Huang, F. Meng, J. Liu, Sensors 4, 95 (2004)
H. Kim, J. Cho, J. Mater. Chem. 18, 771 (2008)
X.W. Lou, Y. Wang, C. Yuan, J.Y. Lee, L.A. Archer, Adv. Mater. 18, 2325 (2006)
S. Fujihara, T. Maeda, H. Ohgi, E. Hosono, H. Imai, S. Kim, Langmuir 20, 6476 (2004)
C. Fan, X. Song, Z. Yin, H. Yu, S. Sun, J. Mater. Sci. 41, 5696 (2006)
F. Gu, S.F. Wang, M.K. Lu, G.J. Zhou, D. Xu, D.R. Yuan, J. Phys. Chem. B 108, 8119 (2004)
J.X. Zhou, M.S. Zhang, J.M. Hong, J.L. Fang, Z. Yin, Appl. Phys. A 81, 177 (2005)
S. Kato, H. Unuma, T. Ota, M. Takahashi, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 83, 986 (2000)
K.S. Shamala, L.C.S. Murthy, K.N. Rao, Bull. Mater. Sci. 27, 295 (2004)
J. Zhang, S. Wang, M. Xu, Y. Wang, H. Xia, S. Zhang, X. Guo, S. Wu, J. Phys. Chem. C 113, 1662 (2009)
M. Xu, J. Zhang, S. Wang, X. Guo, H. Xia, Y. Wang, S. Zhang, W. Huang, S. Wu, Sens. Actuators, B 146, 8 (2010)
M.K. Ram, O. Yavuz, M. Aldissi, Synth. Met. 151, 77 (2005)
X. Ai, N. Anderson, J. Guo, J. Kowalik, L.M. Tolbert, T. Lian, J. Phys. Chem. B 110, 25496 (2006)
S. Manjunath, A.K. Koppalkar, M.V.N.A. Prasad, Ferroelectrics 366, 22 (2008)
Q. Shao, W. Chen, Z. Wang, L. Qie, L. Yuan, W. Zhang, X. Hu, Y. Huang, Electrochem. Commun. 13, 1431 (2011)
L. Sun, Y. Shi, Z. He, B. Li, J. Liu, Synth. Met. 162, 2183 (2012)
D. Chen, L. Gao, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 279, 137 (2004)
W. Zhang, X. Wen, S. Yang, Langmuir 19, 4420 (2003)
H. Pang, C. Huang, J. Chen, B. Liu, Y. Kuang, X. Zhang, J. Solid State Electrochem. 14, 169 (2010)
L. Sun, Y. Shi, L. Chu, F. Liu, J. Liu, J. Dispersion Sci. Technol. 33, 933 (2012)
L. Geng, Y. Zhao, X. Huang, S. Wang, S. Zhang, S. Wu, Sens. Actuators, B 120, 568 (2007)
D.Y. Kim, J.Y. Lee, D.K. Moon, C.Y. Kim, Synth. Met. 69, 471 (1995)
V.S.R. Channu, R. Holze, Ionics 18, 495 (2012)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sun, L., Shi, Y., Li, X. et al. Synthesis and Characterization of SnO2/polypyrrole Nanocomposites by Hydrothermal Reverse Microemulsion. J Inorg Organomet Polym 24, 395–400 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-013-9964-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-013-9964-0