Abstract
This review uncovers the extent to which immigrant and minority women find HPV self-sampling an acceptable and feasible alternative to PAP testing for screening for cervical cancer. A focused literature review was conducted using CINAHL, Medline, Proquest and Pubmed databases to search for content relating to acceptability or feasibility of HPV self-testing for immigrant populations or minorities. 575 prospective relevant papers were included in the final analysis and 28 selected using the inclusion and exclusion criteria. HPV self-sampling was found to be acceptable and feasible among immigrant and minority women. Participants studied indicated the importance of providing in-depth educational documents, diagrams, illustrations and supplementary resources in future HPV self-sampling studies. HPV self-sampling has the potential to significantly increase cervical cancer screening participation rates amongst immigrant and minority women. Future research studies should incorporate methods to increase the efficacy and acceptability of HPV self-testing amongst immigrant and minority women.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Government of Canada. Trends in the incidence and mortality of female reproductive system cancers. (2015). https://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/82-624-x/2015001/article/14095-eng.htm.
Canadian Cancer Society’s Advisory Committee on Cancer Statistics. Canadian Cancer Statistics 2017 Canadian Cancer Society:Toronto; (2017)
Flores Y, Shah K, Lazcano E, Hernández M, Bishai D, Ferris DG, Lörincz A, Hernández P, Salmerón J. Morelos HPV study collaborators. Design and methods of the evaluation of an HPV-based cervical cancer screening strategy in Mexico: the morelos HPV study. Salud Publ Mex. 2002;44(4):335–44.
Lofters AK, Moineddin R, Hwang SW, Glazier RH. Low rates of cervical cancer screening among urban immigrants. Med Care. 2010;48(7):611–8.
Zehbe I, Moeller H, Severini A, Weaver B, Escott N, Bell C, Escott N, Bell C, Crawford S, Bannon D, Paavola N. Feasibility of self-sampling and human papillomavirus testing for cervical cancer screening in First Nation women from Northwest Ontario, Canada: a pilot study. BMJ Open. 2011;1(1):1–12.
Ogilvie GS, Patrick DM, Schulzer M, Sellors JW, Petric M, Chambers K, White R, FitzGerald JM. Diagnostic accuracy of self collected vaginal specimens for human papillomavirus compared to clinician collected human papillomavirus specimens: a meta-analysis. Sex Transm Dis. 2005;81(3):207–12.
Mcdonald JT, Kennedy S. Cervical cancer screening by immigrant and minority women in Canada. J Immigr Minor. 2007;9(4):323–34.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2017). Accessed 14 July 2017, https://www.cdc.gov/.
Statcan Immigration and Ethnocultural Diversity in Canada. (2016). http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/as-sa/99-010-x/99-010-x2011001-eng.cfm.
Szarewski A, Cadman L, Ashdown-Barr L, Waller J. Exploring the acceptability of two self-sampling devices for human papillomavirus testing in the cervical screening context: a qualitative study of Muslim women in London. J Med Screen J Med Screen. 2009;16(4):193–8.
Oelke ND, Vollman AR. “Inside and Outside” Sikh women’s perspectives on cervical cancer screening. Can J Nurs Res. 2007;39(1):174–89.
Ilangovan K, Kobetz E, Koru-Sengul T, Marcus EN, Rodriguez B, Alonzo Y, Carrasquillo O. Acceptability and feasibility of human papilloma virus self-sampling for cervical cancer screening. J Womens Health. 2016;25(9):944–51.
Waller J, McCaffery K, Forrest S, Szarewski A, Cadman L, Austin J, Wardle J. Acceptability of unsupervised HPV self-sampling using written instructions. J Med Screen. 2006;13(4):208–13.
Peirson L, Fitzpatrick-Lewis D, Ciliska D, Warren R. Screening for cervical cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Syst Rev. 2013;2(1):2–35.
Montealegre JR, Mullen PD, Jibaja-Weiss ML, Mendez MM, Scheurer ME. Feasibility of cervical cancer screening utilizing self-sample human papillomavirus testing among Mexican immigrant women in Harris County, Texas: a pilot study. J Immigr Minor Health. 2014;17(3):704–12.
Catarino R, Vassilakos P, Stadali-Ullrich H, Royannez-Drevard I, Guillot C, Petignat P. Feasibility of at-home self-sampling for HPV testing as an appropriate screening strategy for nonparticipants in Switzerland. J Lower Genital Tract Dis. 2015;19(1):27–34.
Galbraith KV, Gilkey MB, Smith JS, Richman AR, Barclay L, Brewer NT. Perceptions of mailed HPV self-testing among women at higher risk for cervical cancer. J Community Health. 2014;39(5):849–56.
Barbee L, Kobetz E, Menard J, Cook N, Blanco J, Barton B, Auguste P, McKenzie N. Assessing the acceptability of self-sampling for HPV among Haitian immigrant women: CBPR in action. Cancer Causes Control. 2010;21(3):421–31.
Penaranda E, Molokwu J, Flores S, Byrd T, Brown L, Shokar N. Women’s attitudes towards cervico-vaginal self-sampling for high risk HPV infection on the U.S.-Mexico Border. J Lower Genital Tract Dis. 2015;19(4):323–8.
Howard M, Lytwyn A, Lohfeld L, Redwood-Campbell L, Fowler N, Karwalajtys T. Barriers to acceptance of self-sampling for human papillomavirus across ethnolinguistic groups of women. Can J Public Health. 2009;100(5):365–9.
Barata PC, Mai V, Howlett R, Gagliardi AR, Stewart DE. Discussions about self-obtained samples for HPV testing as an alternative for cervical cancer prevention. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol. 2008;29(4):251–7.
Anhang R, Nelson JA, Telerant R, Chiasson MA, Wright TC Jr. Acceptability of self-collection of specimens for HPV DNA testing in an urban population. J Womens Health. 2005;14(8):721–8.
Cadman L, Ashdown-Barr L, Waller J, Szarewski A. Attitudes towards cytology and human papillomavirus self-sample collection for cervical screening among Hindu women in London, UK: a mixed methods study. J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care. 2015;41(1):38–47.
De Alba I, Anton-Culver H, Hubbell FA, Ziogas A, Hess JR, Bracho A, Arias C, Manetta A. Self-sampling for human papillomavirus in a community setting: feasibility in Hispanic women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2008;17(8):2163–8.
Lim AWW, Hollingworth A, Kalwij S, Curran G, Sasieni P. Offering self-sampling to cervical screening non-attenders in primary care. J Med Screen. 2017;24(1):43–9.
Moscicki AB, Widdice L, Ma Y, Yifei M, Yifei M, Farhat S, Miller-Benningfield S, Jonte J, Jay J, Goodwin-deMedina C, Hanson E, Clayton L, Shiboski S. Comparison of natural histories of human papillomavirus detected by clinician-and self-sampling. Int J Cancer. 2010;127(8):1882–92.
Vahabi M, Lofters A. Muslim immigrant women’s views on cervical cancer screening and HPV self-sampling in Ontario, Canada. BMC Public Health. 2016;16(1):1–13.
Nelson EJ, Hughes J, Oakes JM, Thyagarajan B, Pankow JS, Kulasingam SL. Human papillomavirus infection in women who submit self-collected vaginal swabs after internet recruitment. J Community Health. 2015;40(3):379–86.
Jones HE, Brudney K, Sawo DJ, Lantigua R, Westhoff CL. The acceptability of a self-lavaging device compared to pelvic examination for cervical cancer screening among low-income women. J Womens Health. 2012;21(12):1275–81.
Ma’som M, Bhoo-Pathy N, Nasir NH Bellinson J, Subramaniam S, Ma Y, Yap S-H, Goh P-P. Gravitt P, Woo YL. Attitudes and factors affecting acceptability of self-administered cervicovaginal sampling for human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping as an alternative to Pap testing among multiethnic Malaysian women. BMJ Open. 2016;6(8):1–7.
Virtanen A, Nieminen P, Niironen M, Luostarinen T, Anttila A. Self-sampling experiences among non-attendees to cervical screening. Gynecol Oncol. 2014;135:487–94.
Karjalainen L, Anttila A, Nieminen P, Luostarinen T, Virtanen A. Self-sampling in cervical cancer screening: comparison of a brush-based and a lavage-based cervicovaginal self-sampling device. BMC Cancer 2016. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-016-2246-9.
Burton-Jeangros C, Fargnoli V, Petignat P. To what extent will women accept HPV self-sampling for cervical cancer screening? A qualitative study conducted in Switzerland. Int J Womens Health. 2015;7:883–8.
Gök M, Heideman DA, van Kemenade FJ, de Vries AL, Berkhof J, Rozendaal L, Beliën JA, Overbeek L, Babović M, Snijders PJ, Meijer CJ. Offering self-sampling for human papillomavirus testing to non-attendees of the cervical screening programme: characteristics of the responders. Eur J Cancer. 2012;48(12):1799–808.
Castell S, Krause G, Schmitt M, Pawlita M, Deleré Y, Obi N, Flesch-Janys D, Kemmling Y, Kaufmann AM. Feasibility and acceptance of cervicovaginal self-sampling within the German National Cohort (Pretest 2). Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2014;57(11):1270–6.
Scarinci IC, Litton AG, Garcés-Palacio IC, Partridge EE, Castle PE. Acceptability and usability of self-collected sampling for HPV testing among African-American women living in the Mississippi Delta. Women’s Health Issues. 2013;23(2):123–30.
Montealegre JR, Landgren RM, Anderson ML, Hoxhaj S, Williams S, Robinson DJ, Scheurer ME, Ramondetta LM. Acceptability of self-sample human papillomavirus testing among medically underserved women visiting the emergency department. Gynecol Oncol. 2015;138(2):317–22.
Sewali B, Okuyemi KS, Askhir A, Belinson J, Vogel RI, Joseph A, Ghebre RG. Cervical cancer screening with clinic-based Pap test versus home HPV test among Somali immigrant women in Minnesota: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Cancer Med. 2015;4(4):620–31.
Kahn JA, Bernstein DI, Rosenthal SL, Huang B, Kollar LM, Colyer JL, Tissot AM, Hillard PA, Witte D, Groen P, Slap GB. Acceptability of human papillomavirus self testing in female adolescents. Sex Transm Infect. 2005;81(5):408–14.
Litton AG, Castle PE, Partridge EE, Scarinci IC. Cervical Cancer Screening Preferences among African American Women in the Mississippi Delta. J Health Care Poor Underserved 2013;24(1):46–55.
Viviano M, Catarino R, Jeannot E, Boulvain M, Malinverno MU, Vassilakos P, Petignat P. Self-sampling to improve cervical cancer screening coverage in Switzerland: a randomised controlled trial. Br J Cancer. 2017;116(11):1382–1388.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Marshall, S., Vahabi, M. & Lofters, A. Acceptability, Feasibility and Uptake of HPV Self-Sampling Among Immigrant Minority Women: a Focused Literature Review. J Immigrant Minority Health 21, 1380–1393 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-018-0846-y
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-018-0846-y